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The Inca

The Inca. Geography: Andes Mountains. The Cuzco Valley located in the Andes Mountains (22,000 feet) The Andes Mountains were form by volcanoes City of Cuzco-The Capital, Built in the shape of a puma wild cat. Located in modern Peru. Machu Picchu. Machu Picchu

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The Inca

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  1. The Inca

  2. Geography: Andes Mountains • The Cuzco Valley located in the Andes Mountains (22,000 feet) • The Andes Mountains were form by volcanoes • City of Cuzco-The Capital, Built in the shape of a puma wild cat. Located in modern Peru.

  3. Machu Picchu

  4. Machu Picchu • A royal retreat for the Inca rulers, built amid sacred mountain peaks. • It is an engineering accomplishment – massive stone walls, steep staircases and level fields.

  5. Inca Architecture • The Inca were skilled masonry stone workers • They precisely cut blocks with out iron tools to fit together perfectly,

  6. Achievement: Inca Roads • They had roads that connected the entire vast empire. • Messengers could relay messages within days across the empire • Roads-They had roads that connected the entire vast empire. • Roads stretched from sea level to 12,000 feet in elevation. • Official runners would carry and relay messages within days across the empire. • Inca’s could send a message 250 miles in one day.

  7. Suspension Bridges • Suspension bridges connected mountains - hanging from ropes and cables.

  8. Language • Although people spoke many different languages, to unify the empire the Incas established an official language – Quechua. • All business had to be done in this language. • No written language – Official storytellers passed Inca history orally.

  9. Terraces • The Inca built terraces into the mountains to grow crops. • The Inca grew potatoes and maize

  10. Top Raise the llamas Bottom Grow all of the crops such as: beans, squash, and beans Working the Land • Vertical Economy– raising animals at the top of the mountains and growing food at the bottom of the mountain.

  11. The First Inca’s: Religion • Polytheism: The Inca worshipped the sun, moon, animals • The Inca made beautiful pottery, gold, and silver objects

  12. King Nobles Commoners The People of the Inca: Society Hierarchy of Power: • King was the military and religious leader • Nobles were people related to the King • Commoners were not Inca blood. People who had been conquered and had little freedom

  13. Society: Inca Kings • Inca’s believed that the their kings never died. The bodies of Inca Kings were preserved as mummies. • Mummies were dressed in fine cloth and decorated with jewelry. • Mummies were given food and drinks and placed close together so they could visit each other • Many Inca mummies are still preserved today

  14. Pictures of Mummies

  15. Economy • Instead of paying taxes Incans had to work for the government (called mita). • There were no merchants. Goods that were produced from the mita would be distributed to the people. • Mita jobs were farming, making cloth and building roads and bridges

  16. Decline: Fransisco Pizarro Conquers • Atahualpa (the king of the Inca empire) heard of the arrival of the Spaniards and agreed to meet with them. • After Atahualpa denied to convert to Christianity Pizarro captured him and killed thousand of Incan soldiers.

  17. The Spaniards Attack • To win his freedom back Atahualpa gave Pizarro a room filled with gold and silver (approximately 24 tons) • The Spaniards killed him anyway. • Like the Aztecs they were weakened by disease and the Spaniards had superior weapons. • By 1537 the Spaniards had controlled the entire region.

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