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“CHRYSANTHEMUMS”

“CHRYSANTHEMUMS”. By John Steinbeck. The Chrysanthemum. Known as “Mums” Perennial plant (produces flowers and seeds more than once-lives for more than two years) growing 50-150 cm tall, with deeply lobed leaves and large flowerheads, white, yellow or pink.

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“CHRYSANTHEMUMS”

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  1. “CHRYSANTHEMUMS” By John Steinbeck

  2. The Chrysanthemum • Known as “Mums” • Perennial plant (produces flowers and seeds more than once-lives for more than two years) growing 50-150 cm tall, with deeply lobed leaves and large flowerheads, white, yellow or pink. • Typically used for decoration, but can be boiled to make a sweet tea. • Symbol of death in Japan • Also a symbol of love, truth, and honesty.

  3. Gender Roles • Set of behavioral expectations associated with males and with females, respectively, in a given social group or system. • Gender is one component of the gender/sex system--how society transforms biology of men and women into products of human activity. • The term gender role is predominantly used by Western Academics though discrimination regarding gender expectations is universal.

  4. Gender Cont. • Most researchers agree that people’s behavior is a consequence of socially enforced rules and values, and individual disposition, whether genetic, unconscious or conscious. • Personal creativity may cause a change in the rules and values over time. • People have widely differing views about how much gender depends on biological sex.

  5. Talcott Parson’s Model • Developed a model of the nuclear family in 1955 comparing the strictly traditional view of gender roles to a more liberal view. • Feminine role was “expressive”-fulfilled internal functions such as strengthening the ties between members of the family. • Masculine role was “instrumental”-fulfilled external functions such as providing monetary support.

  6. Parson’s Model

  7. Parson and the Reality of Gender Roles • Both extreme positions are rarely found in reality. • Gender roles influence all kinds of behavior, such as choice of clothing, choice of work and personal relationships.

  8. Socialization • Works by encouraging wanted and discouraging unwanted behavior. • Family, schools, media, etc…, make it clear to the child what behavioral norms are expected and desired. • Typical encouragements and expectations of gender role behavior are not differentiated as rigidly as a century ago.

  9. How Roles have Changed Over Time • Traditional gender roles greatly determined choice of work, dress, personal relationships, and behavior by dividing humans into categories of strictly feminine and masculine. • Gender roles are now more diversified and vary significantly from one country or culture to another. • Examples-”new age sensitive guy,” tomboys, hairstyles, occupations.

  10. Gender Roles and Feminism • Most feminists argue that traditional gender roles are oppressive for women • Fight against the stigma of the “stay at home mom,” and “girly girl.” • Seek equality through opportunity.

  11. John Steinbeck • http://www.unitedstreaming.com/search/assetDetail.cfm?guidAssetID=27F53C14-AB38-4B80-9211-BC72C3D9D16E&tabStart=videoSegments • Nobel Prize winner • “...for his realistic as well as imaginative writings, distinguished by a sympathetic humor and a keen social perception.” • Grew up in Salinas, California • A humanitarian whose sympathies lay with the common man or woman. • Enjoyed science and philosophy • Sensitive to the effects of the environment on organisms which is reflected in his attention to setting.

  12. Things to Consider While Reading “Chrysanthemums” • Consider the marriage in terms of gender roles. • Elisa-how does she dress and act? How does she feel about her situation? • Keep in mind that the Chrysanthemum is symbolic of love, death, truth and honesty.

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