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Population Ecology Introduction (Chap. 9) A. Examples: The scope of population ecology

Population Ecology Introduction (Chap. 9) A. Examples: The scope of population ecology B. Definitions and properties Terms: population, distribution, abundance, density, age structure, growth rate, demographics II. Growth rates: intrinsic rates of increase (Ch. 11) A. Geometric growth

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Population Ecology Introduction (Chap. 9) A. Examples: The scope of population ecology

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  1. Population Ecology • Introduction (Chap. 9) • A. Examples: The scope of population ecology • B. Definitions and properties • Terms: population, distribution, abundance, density, age structure, growth rate, demographics • II. Growth rates: intrinsic rates of increase (Ch. 11) • A. Geometric growth • B. Exponential growth • C. Logistic growth

  2. Definitions • Population: a group of individuals of the same species occupying a particular space at the same time.

  3. Taylor and Southard. 1997. http://www.ocs.orst.edu/reports/climate_fish.html

  4. Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) A. Whitham. 2003. http://environmentalstudies.wlu.edu/Capstone%202003/Images/Capstone%202003%20Agricultural%20Invaders.htm

  5. www.smalltownproject.org/ This is our world http://www.nhm.ac.uk U.S. 306,560,607World 6,783,691,06914:44 GMT (EST+5) Jun 01, 2009

  6. Climatic change Pollution http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/ http://www.oceansatlas.org/ http://library.thinkquest.org/ http://www.ourworldfoundation.org.uk/polar.jpg Molles 2007 Global changes Overharvest Species invasions Land use change - type - intensity Loss of biodiversity

  7. Questions • Will exponential growth continue indefinitely? • How will population distribution change with time? • How many people can the Earth hold? • - What’s the carrying capacity for Earth? • - At what standard of living? http://www.fpsoftlab.com/images/screenshots/earth-640x480-2.jpg

  8. Properties of a population: • Distribution - over what area is the population found. This includes: • Abundance – how many total individuals • Density - how many individuals in the same area at the same time

  9. Population Growth • Growth rate: how many individuals are gained (birth and immigration) minus how many are lost (death and emigration). • - what is happening to the net population size. • Age structure: how many individuals in different age categories, usually related to reproduction http://www.nhm.ac.uk Taylor and Southard. 1997. http://www.ocs.orst.edu/reports/climate_fish.html

  10. Other terms • Demographics covers the basic statistical information about a population: age structure, density, births, deaths, growth, and reproduction.

  11. Chapter 9. Focus on the following questions: • 1. What factors limit the distribution of a population of organisms? • 2. What is the difference between a fundamental and a realized niche? • 3. What do patterns of distribution (random vs. regular vs. clumped) tell us about the ecology of individuals in that population? • 4. How does organism size influence population density (number of individuals in a given area)? • 5. What are the seven different ways that organisms can be rare? How does this influence their susceptibility to extinction?

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