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Cell cycle involves cell growth, replication, and division, while cytokinesis is the phase in which the cell splits into two new cells. Mitosis ensures accurate replication. Learn the importance of chromosome copying in cell division. Compare binary fission and mitosis. Discover how mitosis guarantees cell replication fidelity.
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2.3 Section Review 1. In your own words, write a definition for each of the following terms: cell cycle and cytokinesis. • The cell cycle is the process where a cell grows, copies itself and divides into two new cells. • Cytokinesis is the part of the cell cycle where the cell divides into two new cells.
2.3 Section Review 2. Eukaryotic cells... • A. Do not divide. • B. Undergo binary fission. • C. Undergo mitosis. • D. Have cell walls.
2.3 Section Review 3. Why is it important for chromosomes to be copied before cell division? • If chromosomes weren’t copied then the new cells would not be a copy of the original parent cell.
2.3 Section Review 4. How are binary fission and mitosis similar? How do they differ? • Both binary fission and mitosis are how new cells are made. • They are different because binary fission is cell division in prokaryotes (bacteria) and mitosis occurs in the more complex eukaryotic cells.
2.3 Section Review 4. Describe mitosis. • During prophase, the nuclear membrane dissolves and the DNA condenses into chromosomes. • During metaphase, the homologous chromosomes pair up at the middle or equator of the cell.
2.3 Section Review 4. Describe mitosis. • During anaphase, the sister chromatids separate and move to separate sides of the cell. • During telophase, nuclear membranes forma around each group of chromosomes.
2.3 Section Review 5. Math Skills: Cell A takes 6h to complete mitosis. Cell B takes 8h to complete mitosis. After 24h, how many more copies of Cell A are there than Cell B? • Cell A will make 24h/6h = 4 copies in 24h • Cell B will make 24h/8h = 3 copies in 24h • This means that there will be one more copy of Cell A than Cell B in 24h.
2.3 Section Review 6. Predicting Consequences: What would happen if cytokinesis occurred without mitosis? • Each of the cells created would not be a copy of the original cell. Each cell would only have half as much DNA as the original cell. • Cells would die.
2.3 Section Review 7. Applying concepts: How does mitosis ensure that a new cell is just like its parent cell? • The DNA of the parent cell is copied during mitosis to make sure that each of the new daughter cells is identical to the parent cell.
2.3 Section Review 8. Making Comparisons: Compare the process that animal cells and plant cells use to make new cells. How are the processes different? • The process that plant cells and animal cells use to make new cells is nearly identical. The only difference is that during cytokinesis, plant cells make a cell plate that becomes a cell wall. Animal cells do not do this!
