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What’s in My Exchange DR tool Box

What’s in My Exchange DR tool Box. Exchange Disaster Recovery Fundamentals – Kind of toolish. HA + Recovery Options. Dialtone Recover Setup / Bla Legacy Exchange mailbox servers Failover Cluster Exchange 2007 Mailbox role Single Copy Cluster (SCC)

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What’s in My Exchange DR tool Box

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  1. What’s in My Exchange DR tool Box

  2. Exchange Disaster Recovery Fundamentals – Kind of toolish

  3. HA + Recovery Options • Dialtone Recover • Setup / Bla • Legacy Exchange mailbox servers • Failover Cluster • Exchange 2007 Mailbox role • Single Copy Cluster (SCC) • Clustered Continuous Replication (CCR) • Local Continuous Replication (LCR) • Standby Continuous Replication (SCR) • Exchange 2010 Mailbox role • Database Availability Group (DAG)

  4. Dialtone Recovery • Purpose is to give you time to fix or repair a database • How to • Move the active database and log files to a temp location • Mount the databases and say yes when it asks you if you want to create a new database • Restore or recover the database • Swap the recovered and dialtone databases • Play all of the dialtone database information into the recovered database • Things to note • Users get new email but they cannot see old stuff in Outlook at the same time. • Users can see new email in OWA, and old email in Outlook at the same time

  5. Setup / Bla • 2000 and 2003 setup /disasterrecovery will restore all of the settings from AD to a server • Most everything is in AD • 2007 setup /recoverserver will restore all of the settings from AD to a server • Not everything is in AD – it is different for each server role • The Databases – Email and Queues • IIS metabase on the CAS server • UM prompts on the UM server • Registry and XML customizations • Message Tracking logs • 2007 clusters have setup /recoverCMS that will restore cluster settings to a node

  6. Asynchronous Continuous Replication Primary Server Standby Server Mailbox Database Mailbox Database Transaction Log 01 Transaction Log 01 Transaction Log 02 Transaction Log 02 Transaction Log 03 Transaction Log 03 Transaction Log 04 Transaction Log 04 Transaction Log 05 Transaction Log 05

  7. Exchange Tools - Fundamentals

  8. Exchange Tools – that I go back too • Relatively harmless tools • Dsadiag – Test Exchange to AD connection • Dcdiag + NetDiag – Check AD functionality • Nltest – Old school Trust Checking • Mdbvu32 + Outlook Spy + MFCMapi – Look at the raw database • Winroute – Check active 2003 routing • Replmon – Public folder tool • ExTRA – Best Practice Analyzer Family of tools • MPS_Reports – Run a heap of tools • ExMerge – Ripe mailbox out of the Store • ExMon – Check Client usage • PFdavAdmin – Permissions and PF stuff • ADModify – Bulk Check and Change AD stuff • Escalation to the next level, and or a PSS call • Dangerous tools – Don’t touch these unless you must • Ntdsutil – Exeutil for AD • Isinteg – Application level EDB tool • ADSIEdt + LDP – Muck with Raw AD • Eseutil – Data level EDB tool

  9. Exchange Maintenance ToolsDsadiag • W2K Support Toolstool • Used for diagnosing directory & binding problems • Where’d that GC go? • What GCs are actually up and answering queries? • See KB article Q279423 for details

  10. Exchange Maintenance ToolsDcdiag + Netdiag • Windows Support tools tools • Used for Active Directory, DNS & Domain troubleshooting • Is DNS configured correctly for AD • Are all of the FSMO roles present and reachable • Why can’t users log on? • Why am I seeing GC/DC errors in the event log? • What DCs or GCs are visible? • As opposed to the ones you think are visible • Check IP security policies • Check LDAP binding • Repair missing or busted Machine account

  11. Exchange Maintenance ToolsNltest • W2K resource kit tool – Old School but still useable • Used for Domain Trust troubleshooting • What domains does this server Trust • Which DC is being used in the trusted domain • Determine if a server set as a GC is really a GC

  12. Exchange Maintenance ToolsMdbvu32 + Outlook Spy + MFCMapi • Non-invasive MAPI mailbox viewer • Browse MAPI hierarchy • Allows you to manage mailbox rules and MTA queue messages • What’s all that crap in the system attendant mailbox? • What rules are in effect on a mailbox? Delete bad items from the inbox Outlook Spy is Third Party geared for the Developer Kill Junk mail Kill Rules

  13. Exchange Maintenance ToolsWinroute + Remoitor • Product CD tool = Winroute • Call PSS = Remonitor • Link state routing diagnostic tool • What routes are known to the routing engine? • Which ones are up? Which ones are down? • When was the last routing update? • Inject new routes, and or delete routes with out a restart

  14. Exchange Maintenance ToolsReplmon • W2K product CD tool • Replication monitor • When was the last update this server sent? • When was the last update received? • Why the $X#@! isn’t replication working? AD was new in 2000 and 2003. Exchange was the first App to really use AD. Exchange Admins had to be good at trouble shooting AD

  15. Exchange Maintenance ToolsExTRA • Exchange Trouble Shooter Family • ExBPA – Best Practice Analyzer • ExDRA – Disaster Recovery Assistant • ExDTA – Database Trouble Shooter • ExMFT – Mail Flow Trouble Shooter • ExPTA - Performance Trouble Shooter • Think of these tools as PSS and the Product group in a box

  16. Exchange Maintenance ToolsMPS_Reports • PSS tool – download from Microsoft • MPS_Reports comes in flavors; Exchange, AD, SQL, and so on. Each Flavor checks different things • Run this tool when you cannot access a server it dumps a huge amount of information to a CAB file that someone can send you • Event logs • Netdiag + Dcdiag • Dumps GPOs • Runs ExBPA • ExDump • And more

  17. Exchange Maintenance ToolsExMerge • Download from Microsoft • Requires a MAPI install, so it is best to run from a Client • Used to Extract or place data in a mounted database • Need Send as and Receive as rights for the mailbox • Can Extract a single item from all mailbox – Think virus or Accidental carrier limiting email

  18. Exchange Maintenance ToolsExMon • Download from Microsoft • Determine which users are killing a server, why, and where they live

  19. Exchange Maintenance ToolsPFdavAdmin • Download from Microsoft • Play with Permissions on Public Folders • Export • View • Change • Bulk stuff • Push replication • Play with Permissions onForms Libraries • Recover Deleted Items in PF

  20. Exchange Maintenance ToolsADModify • Download from Microsoft or CodePlex • Play with AD on at a Bulk Level • Select via LDAP query • Change heaps of settings • Check the Inherit PermissionsCheck Box for everyone • This was cool until PowerShellCame out • There are different versions thatHave different Powers

  21. Other Tools Notepad / Txtpad – Read Files and see what's in them WinDiff – Compare two files and see what is different CSVDE – Import and Export from AD via CSV LDIFDE – Import and Export from AD via LDIF DNSLint – Check some DNS issues (Rangers love this) https://www.testexchangeconnectivity.com/ - Test Outlook JetStress – Test the Database, melt drives DNSDiag – Like Netdiag, checks DNS Telnet – Check if Ports are answering PerfMon – Checkum big Perf Counters Event Viewer – Start here please

  22. Exchange Maintenance Toolsntdsutil – This can ruin your career • Installed by Windows server • Management utility for AD • Which server is the schema master? • Which DCs are online? • Role passing & seizure • Defrag the AD database

  23. Exchange Maintenance ToolsIsinteg – Please have PSS hold your hand • Exchange product CD tool • Verifies logical / application level structure of database • Mailboxes, folders, message structures • Brief digression about logical vs. physical • Generally safe to run • Always safe unless you use the “-fix” switch • Requires significant processing time • ~ 4GB/hr processing rate • May require multiple passes • Some errors have prerequisites that have to be fixed first • It fixes more each time it is run up to a point

  24. Exchange Maintenance ToolsIsinteg cont’d • When to run it • When Microsoft tells you to • After an offline restore • When you suspect logical database corruption • Opening a particular mailbox/message makes Outlook crash or die • Messages or folders disappear • Item counts are off • When you’re curious • But only on a non-production machine

  25. Exchange Maintenance ToolsADSIedt + LDP • Windows Support tools • Use this When Microsoft or someone who's knows what they are doing tells you to, and holds your hand • There is no undo • Work with Raw object in AD • Delete – Could get you fired • Modify – Could get your fired • Read - Harmless • Write – Not safe • Verify – Harmless

  26. Exchange Maintenance ToolsEseutil • Exchange product CD tool • Verifies physical structure of database • Pages, pointers, long values, LV tables • Has multiple modes • Some are safe: • /g: integrity check • /m: dumps variousinteresting bits • /k: page checksum verification • /y: copy

  27. Exchange Maintenance ToolsEseutil cont’d • Some modes are semi-safe • /d does an offline defrag • Seldom necessary • Requires the DB to be dismounted • /r initiates recovery • Verifies DB for consistency • Plays back sequence of log files • Will either fail (DB untouched) or succeed (DB consistent) • Some are for emergency use only: • DATA LOSS • /createstm forces creation of a new, but matching, STM file (2000 and 2003 only) • /p initiates a repair; missing or damaged pages may be truncated

  28. Exchange Maintenance ToolsEseutil cont’d • When to run it depends on mode • When Microsoft tells you to • When you suspect physical database corruption • Event ID -1018 or related • Database reported as inconsistent • Store crashes or refuses to mount a particular DB

  29. Questions?

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