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OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION

PORT MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION OF EAST AND SOUTHERN AFRICA (PMAESA) FIRST EASTERN AND SOUTHERN AFRICA PORTS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGERS WORKING CONFERENCE AT MOMBASA CONTINENTAL RESORT, KENYA SEPTEMBER 20-22, 2010. OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION. Background of Tema Port; Environmental Issues in the Port;

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OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION

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  1. PORT MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION OF EAST AND SOUTHERN AFRICA (PMAESA) FIRST EASTERN AND SOUTHERN AFRICA PORTS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGERS WORKING CONFERENCE AT MOMBASA CONTINENTAL RESORT, KENYASEPTEMBER 20-22, 2010 Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  2. Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  3. OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION • Background of Tema Port; • Environmental Issues in the Port; • Measures being taken to address environmental issues; • Implementation challenges; • Way forward; • Conclusion. Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  4. Background of Tema Port • Commissioned on 28th May 1962 • Biggest port in Ghana with a total land area of 1161 acres • Access channel of 240 metres width and 12.5 metres minimum depth • Its breakwaters totals 4,580 metres in length Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  5. Background of Tema Port • Two quays of 12 berths (average drought of 9.5m) and 2 other exclusive berths for oil and alumina; • Two of the 12berths are dedicated for containers with a drought of 11.5 m; • It has a slipway(L-39m X B-13m) and Dry dock facility for vessels that call in the Port with dimensions(L-277m X B-45.5m X D-6.7m); • Its Fishing Harbour has an inner habour approach of 4.9 metres deep and an outer harbour approach of 7.6 metres deep for bigger vessels; Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  6. Background of Tema Port DRY DOCK YARD DEDICATED CONTAINER TERMINAL Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  7. Background of Tema Port • Fishing Harbour has net mending wharf, shed for fishmongers and canoe basin dedicated for artisanal fishing; • Tema Port handles about 70% of Ghana’s international trade; • Provides accommodation for various state institutions that complement port operational activities; Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  8. State Institutions that operate in the Port include: • Customs, Excise and Preventive Service (CEPS); • Ghana Immigration Service; • Police Service; • National security; • Narcotics Control Board; • Food and Drugs Board; • Ghana Maritime Authority; • Ghana shippers council; • Ghana Standards Board; • Environmental Protection Agency; etc Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  9. Non-state Institutions and Companies • Freight forwarders (clearing agents); • Shipping companies, • Haulage companies; • Restaurant services; • Banks, etc. Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  10. PORT ACTIVITIES • Port infrastructural development, expansion and maintenance; • Cargo handling activities including: handling of various types of cargo, parking and storage/warehousing of cargo, haulage of cargo, etc; • Industrial settings including; processing, workshops, drydock activities, etc. Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  11. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  12. AIR ASPECT Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  13. Emissions from ships and vehicles • The main sources of emissions in the port are from:- • Vessels – emitting pollutants such as SO2 and NO2 • Trucks and cargo handling equipment - emitting pollutants such as CO2 and CO Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  14. Sandblasting of Vessels • Sandblasting at the Dry dock produces paint residue which are full of heavy metals • Heavy metals are often blown by prevailing winds • This creates environmental health challenges Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  15. Dust from Operational Activities • Handling of dry bulk cargo (Clinker) generates dust particles • This contributes to air pollution • Constructional and maintenance activities also generate dust particles Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  16. Dust from Operational Activities EMISSIONS FROM CLINKER DISCHARGE WITH THE USE OF HOPPERS EMISSIONS FROM CLINKER DISCHARGE WITH THE USE OF HOPPERS Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  17. Dust from Operational Activities EMISSIONS FROM CEMENT DISCHARGE WITH THE USE OF PNEUMATIC GANTRIES EMISSIONS FROM CEMENT DISCHARGE WITH THE USE OF PNEUMATIC GANTRIES Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  18. Stench • Frozen cargo becomes unwholesome • Waste water running through the “CHEMU” lagoon • Untreated sewage and foul water in open drains Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  19. WATER ASPECT Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  20. Impact of Industries • Ghana’s major oil refinery has jetty at the Port • Occasional oil spills during discharge of oil • Spills are harmful to marine life • Sometimes fire outbreaks occur Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  21. OIL & GAS BEING DISCHARGED AT THE OIL BERTH OIL BEING DISCHARGED AT THE OIL BERTH GAS BEING DISCHARGED AT THE OIL BERTH Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  22. EFFECT OF INDUSTRIES ON TEMA PORT Industrial waste from textile companies leading to the dead and highly contaminated Chemu Lagoon adjoining the Tema Port Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  23. Oil Pollution • Two main sources: • Bunkering of vessels – leakages in pipes • Accidental oil spillage from vessels Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  24. Cleaning Oil Spill, Port of Tema Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  25. Laid up or Abandoned Vessels • Laid up and abandoned vessels • This harbours thugs • Also contain certain iron and chemical products • These pollute the sea Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  26. FISHING HARBOUR LAID-UP FISHING VESSELS AT THE FISHING HARBOUR SUNKEN FISHING VESSEL AT THE FISHING HARBOUR Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  27. Contamination of Solid Waste • Solid waste contamination of the sea basin (fishing harbour end of port) • Plastic bags and metal cans often contaminate the sea basin • Results from illegal disposal of waste by vessels at anchorage Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  28. SOLID WASTE CONTAMINATION SOLID WASTE AT THE CANOE BASIN SOLID WASTE FROM THE CHEMU Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  29. LAND ASPECT • There is little soil contamination as an issue in the Port’s operational area; • Packaging waste, scraps, e-waste • Garbage • Soil erosion normally at the non-operational area • Squatter settlements. Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  30. OTHER ASPECTS • Electronic waste • Traffic congestion • Noise pollution Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  31. Measures Taken To Address Environmental Issues Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  32. Institutional Strengthening • The Port Authority is taking the necessary steps that would empower it to police its environment through the enforcement of sanctions to defaulting port user who pollute its environment. • One such step is through its Environmental Management Plan as a tool to manage the Port. Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  33. Capacity Building • Capacity for staff to meet the ever-increasing environmental challenges in the port • Through exchange programmes with other foreign ports • Learn best practices in other ports • Example, currently training a staff in The Netherlands on e-waste • Sponsoring a staff for further studies in Environment • Bi-annual mock oil spill response exercises Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  34. Annual Emergency Response Drills Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  35. Triad-network Approach • The Port has adapted the Triad-network approach • Establishment of a Port community network • Brings together major stakeholders that impact on operations in the Port • Aimed at solving environmental issues in the port holistically Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  36. Polluter Pays Principle • The Polluter Pays Principle: • Person(s), Institution and Companies that spill oil • Or pollute any part of the Port • Made responsible for the clearing of the pollutant • And subsequently fined Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  37. Oil Spill Contingency Plan • The Port has in place an oil Spill contingency plan that is tied to the National Plan; • The Port has acquired oil pollution control equipment(which include Boom, Skimmer, Tug Boat, Dispersant units, etc); • The Port also organizes bi-annual mock oil spill response drills to stay prepared for real situations; • In case of heavy spills the Port Authority falls on the National Oil Spill Contingency Plan to handle such spills in a collaborative fashion; Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  38. OIL POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  39. MOCK OIL SPILL CONTROL EXERCISE Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  40. MOCK OIL SPILL CONTROL EXERCISE Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  41. Port Waste Reception and Treatment Facilities • The port has put in place reception facilities to handle waste of vessels that call in Tema, to prevent the pollution in Ghana’s coastal waters; • This facility handles oil waste and garbage of vessels that call in Tema. • The Port also monitors how such oil waste and garbage are finally disposed off. Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  42. Port Reception Facility in the Port of Tema (Operated by Tilbury Environmental Group) Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  43. Creation of Green Belt as Carbon Sink • Creation of a greenbelt • Through tree planting exercise • Over the years to serve as Carbon sink • Incorporates green belt in most constructions Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  44. SAMPLE GREEN BELT (FRONTAGE OF GHANA PORTS & HARBOURS AUTHORITY’S HEADQUARTERS) Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  45. Baseline Survey of Ballast Water • Port in conjunction with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and • Department of Oceanography (University of Ghana) • Undertaking baseline survey of Ballast Water • Along the coast of Ghana • Identify alien species along the coast of Ghana Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  46. IMPLEMENATTION CHALLENGES • Port Authority’s overlapping functions with other state institutions – VELD • Inadequate capital and human resources to monitor and implement environmental checks • Absence of renewable energy to address climate change • Challenges in terms of inter-institutional co-operation Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  47. WAY FORWARD • Advanced plans to install Air Quality monitors • Plans for risk assessment in the Port • Extension of port waste reception facility to the anchorage • Strengthening the institution to meet expected increase in volume of trade • Following Ghana’s recent discovery of oil • Implementation of SEA and EMP • Plans to seek ISO Certification for the Port Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  48. CONCLUSION Considering the expected future growth of the Port viz-a-viz the growing awareness, relevance and the importance environmental issues are assuming in global business and industry, there is the need to create a very healthy environment in the Port in order to attract port users to do business in the Port. Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

  49. THANK YOU ! Environment of Tema Port, Ghana

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