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Module 1: Technical Summary of Linux

Module 1: Technical Summary of Linux. Including: Linux Distributions Free Software and GNU License Technical differences between Windows and Linux. Linux Distributions. Distributions – an entire package of Linux, including tools, editors, GUIs, and so forth.

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Module 1: Technical Summary of Linux

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  1. Module 1: Technical Summary of Linux • Including: • Linux Distributions • Free Software and GNU License • Technical differences between Windows and Linux Module 1: Technical Summary of Linux

  2. Linux Distributions • Distributions – an entire package of Linux, including tools, editors, GUIs, and so forth. • Some Distributions – Red Hat, SuSE, Mandrake, and Caldera. • Most of tools are not written by the companies who sell the Linux packages. • Linux itself is the core of the OS - kernel Module 1: Technical Summary of Linux

  3. Free software and GNU license • Free software • Free of charge • Free of source code • GNU license • GNU – GNU’s Not Unix • GNU General Public License (GPL) • The full source code must be released • The programmers are not liable for the software Module 1: Technical Summary of Linux

  4. Technical Differences between Linux and Windows • Users • GUI and the kernel • Network Disks • Configuration files • Domains • Disk file systems • Server roles Module 1: Technical Summary of Linux

  5. The Users • Single Users – One computer, one desk, one user • Multi Users – Many people can work parallel • Network Users – Users can use the services over network Module 1: Technical Summary of Linux

  6. The GUI and the kernel • Linux – the user interface and the operating system -> separate • Windows – the GUI and the core OS are integrated Module 1: Technical Summary of Linux

  7. The Network Disks • Linux – using the Network File System (NFS) that supports mounting on other systems • Windows – • using Share (by mounting a share, also called map) • Using Distributed File System (Dfs) for the server Module 1: Technical Summary of Linux

  8. The configuration files • Linux – using text file • Easy to use • But has no standard • Windows – using registry database (before using .ini files) Module 1: Technical Summary of Linux

  9. Domains • Linux – using Network Information Service (NIS), a simple text file. • It doesn’t perform authentication the way a DC does. • Windows – using Active Directory (AD) • AD was designed to be much more than what NIS was designed for. Module 1: Technical Summary of Linux

  10. Linux Disk file system • File types ext3, swap, also FAT, FAT32, NTFS • Minimum partitions: two – One for holding all of the files One for swap space Module 1: Technical Summary of Linux

  11. Directory Structure • Begin with root directory “/” /usr - for all program files (Windows - ?) /home - user home directory (Windows-?) /var - the final destination for log files /tmp - for placing temporary files swap - for storing virtual memory file (Windows - ?) Module 1: Technical Summary of Linux

  12. Linux’s Partitions • Each partition will show with a device, such /dev/hdXY, dev/sdXY hd – hard disk sd – SCSI disk X – disk number for the system Y – partition number for the disk Module 1: Technical Summary of Linux

  13. Mail server, Web server, FTP server, File server, Print server, DHCP server, DNS server, Database server, News server, … The Server Roles Module 1: Technical Summary of Linux

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