Sequencing batch reactors Used to treat Wine cellar effluent Andrew Hulsman (HWT)

2. Sequencing batch reactors Used to treat Wine cellar effluent Andrew Hulsman (HWT)

3. Wine industry contribution to our economy About 8.5% of Western Cape GDP 709 million litres produced in 2006 2 to 8 litres water per litre wine 100 million litres effluent per day A 20 000 ton cellar discharges the COD equivalent of the daily sewage produced from a town of 24 000 people

4. Vineyards Wine waste water Wine Cellar Various treatment methods Beneficial reuse

5. Wine waste water Low pH High COD Variable EC Pips & skins Fluctuating flow rate Various treatment methods

6. Beneficial reuse Various treatment methods pH neutral COD < 400

7. Flow forms Fine solids removal Lime dosing Aerated bioreactor Reed bed Screening Beneficial reuse Grape pips and skins Filter aids, lees pH neutral Lower cod,nutrients Buffer, disinfect Unravel, revitalize Crop irrigation

8. Bioreactor design Sequencing batch reactors Practical Economical Small footprint Automatic operation (PLC)

9. Sequencing batch reactors

10. Bioreactor design Sequencing batch reactors

11. Bioreactor design Sequencing batch reactors TWL LWL Filling Aeration Settling Draining Cycle time

12. Bioreactor design 8000 500 Determined by flow and load

13. dO dT OUR = dO/dT (mgO/l/hr) Bioreactor design Determining the oxygen requirement

14. Bioreactor design Differing oxygen demand

15. Bioreactor design Aerobic digestion

16. Bioreactor design Biomass changes through year

17. Maintenance During the pressing the winemakers • Make good wine • Ignore the wastewater treatment plant

18. Sequencing batch reactors Practical Yes, except if not used Economical Yes if < 500 kl/d Small footprint Automatic operation (PLC) yes, except during power failure Work well with • Regular maintenance • Reed beds

19. Thank you

20. Wine Cellar Effluent Treatment 1000 Tons

21. Wine Cellar Effluent Treatment