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Gagaku

Gagaku. Oldest ensemble (“orchestra”) music in world Japanese Imperial ensemble founded in 702/3 Chief influences: - China – “music of the left” - Korea – “music of the right” Maintained through “Guild” system Used w/ Dance = Bugaku. Gagaku. Hichirichi. oboe type (double reed)

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Gagaku

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  1. Gagaku • Oldest ensemble (“orchestra”) music in world • Japanese Imperial ensemble founded in 702/3 • Chief influences:- China – “music of the left”- Korea – “music of the right” • Maintained through “Guild” system • Used w/ Dance = Bugaku

  2. Gagaku

  3. Hichirichi • oboe type (double reed) • Melody instrument • Back row • YouTube - Japanese Sho & Hichiriki

  4. Ryuteki • Flute type (transverse) • Also known as “dragon flute” • Melody instrument • YouTube - GAGAKU - ETENRAKU - Ryuteki ver. 2

  5. Sho • Mouth organ (free reed) • 17 separate pipes • Tone clusters • YouTube - Sho (opening only)

  6. Biwa • Lute type • 5 strings • Rhythm instrument • YouTube - biwa - japanese traditional music

  7. Koto • Zither type • 13 strings • Rhythm instrument • Sometimes replaced by “Wagon” “Wagon”

  8. Shoko • Gong • Colotomic structure

  9. Tsurai-daiko

  10. Kakko • Small side drum • Leader of the ensemble

  11. Gagaku Examples • YouTube - Gagaku music (Gojouraku-kyuu) from Japan • YouTube - The old court music "Etenraku" played by "Youyukai". • YouTube - Japanese ceremonial court music and the dance_3

  12. Kodŏ • NB. None of this information is in the textbook (see the course website for a link) • Japanese Drumming ensemble, founded 1971 • “Kodŏ” means either- “heartbeat” (the primal source of all rhythm)- “children of the drum” • A new ensemble that seeks to “preserve and re-interpret traditional Japanese performing arts” (from Kodŏ website)

  13. Kodŏ (2) • Primary instruments are various types of “Taiko” drums (“stick drums”) • Ranges in size up several feet in diameter • Physically very demanding to play

  14. Kodŏ (3) • Members of Kodŏ join a community to live and practice together • Emphasis is on a life style that respects traditions, but also creates new ones

  15. Kodŏ (4) YouTube: KODO | One Earth Tour Schedule

  16. Kodŏ (5) YouTube - Kodo - Drummers

  17. Video • “Kodŏ : Heartbeat Drummers of Japan” • 58 minutes (we will watch as much as we can) • Watch for elements of “tradition”- in music (relation to past)- in lifestyle • How is this group like other Japanese music?

  18. Kodŏ on Tour • “One Earth Tour” : March 2009 • Includes stops in- Clearwater- Jacksonville-Melbourne- West Palm Beach- Miami • See their website for details (link on course page)

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