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All of the signals are recorded as singlets . 13 C - 13 C splitting is not observed

All of the signals are recorded as singlets . 13 C - 13 C splitting is not observed 13 C - 1 H splitting is suppressed with a technique called broadband decoupling. The signal intensity is not proportional to the number of 13 C giving rise to the given signal.

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All of the signals are recorded as singlets . 13 C - 13 C splitting is not observed

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  1. All of the signals are recorded as singlets. 13C - 13C splitting is not observed 13C - 1H splitting is suppressed with a technique called broadband decoupling The signal intensity is not proportional to the number of 13C giving rise to the given signal. broadband decoupling technique enhances the signal intensities but the effect is uneven The number of signals represents the number of 13C atoms in different electronic environments. The signal positions are dependent on shielding and deshielding effects (same as 1H NMR)

  2. The signal positions are defined relative to TMS constant, regardless of the operating frequency of the spectrometer 13C resonate over a different frequency range (0 to 250 ppm) than 1H (0 to 12 ppm) Approximate chemical shift values

  3. Proton-Coupled and Proton-Decoupled 13C NMR Spectra

  4. DEPT 13C NMR Spectrum of Citronellal

  5. Two-Dimensional NMR Spectroscopy COSY HETCOR

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