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主讲教师：夏夕美

International trade practices. 主讲教师：夏夕美. brief introduction to international trade. 1. Works before signing contract. 2. 3. contract. 4. Fulfill contract. 5. Other type of trade. diagram of the Course. sale contract. 主讲教师：夏夕美. Negotiation of Contract. ① Inquiry ②Offer

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主讲教师：夏夕美

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  1. International trade practices 主讲教师：夏夕美 improt & export practices

  2. brief introduction to international trade 1 Works before signing contract 2 3 contract 4 Fulfill contract 5 Other type of trade diagram of the Course improt & export practices

  3. sale contract 主讲教师：夏夕美 improt & export practices

  4. Negotiation of Contract • ① Inquiry • ②Offer • 递盘(Bid) • ③Counter-offer • Acceptance • 订立合同(Sign a contract) buyer seller 合同成立的时间 （Effective time of contract） 合同生效的要件 （ Effective conditions of contract） 合同的形式 （Forms of contract ） 合同的内容 （Contents of contract） improt & export practices

  5. Contract for the International Sale of Goods A contract is an agreement that creates an obligation, which is a binding, legally enforceable agreement between two or more competent parties, and each party benefits. A contract is a legal document on the basis of the offer and acceptance. The contract is binding on them all. The right and obligation of both the parties are definitely stipulated. improt & export practices

  6. Contract for the International Sale of Goods The agreement can be formal, informal, written, oral or just plain understood. Some contracts are required to be in writing in order to be enforced. improt & export practices

  7. Establishment time of contract • Two standards for judgment: • When the effective acceptance reaches offeror; • When offeree make the behavior of accepting. improt & export practices

  8. The essential conditions of a contract come into effective • contracting parties should have signing ability • the content of the contract should be legal • the contract should conform to legal formarity • contracting parties' meaning expresses should be true improt & export practices

  9. 国际货物买卖活动中的合同种类 • 与国内供货方订立 购货合同（供货合同） • 与承运方订立运输合同（国内运输和国际运输） • 与保险公司订立货物运输保险合同； • 与银行订立 托收货款或支付货款的国际结算合同； • 与国外商人订立 国际货物买卖合同； improt & export practices

  10. Formation of contact Written contract It is the basis that the contract is established It is the basis of fulfilling contract It is the basis that the contract comes into force It is the basis of arbitration or lawsuit. Oral form Other forms Add Your Title improt & export practices

  11. Various Formats of Contract In Written • Contract • Confirmation • Agreement • Memorandum • Letter of Intent • Order A formal contract or confirmation should be prepared in duplicate (in printed form ). improt & export practices

  12. Various Formats of Contract In Written • The sales contract (Formal) consists of not only main terms, but also those clauses concerning insurance, commodity inspection etc; • the sales confirmation (Informal) covers several main items only. improt & export practices

  13. THE LAWS ARE APPLICABLE TO INTERNATIONAL SALES CONTRACTS • International Trade Practice ☆International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms 《国际贸易术语解释通则》 ☆Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credit 《跟单信用证统一惯例》 improt & export practices

  14. THE LAWS ARE APPLICABLE TO INTERNATIONAL SALES CONTRACTS ◆International Treaty ☆Unite Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods 《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》 ◆Domestic Laws ☆Contract law 《中华人民共和国合同法》 improt & export practices

  15. improt & export practices

  16. Main partsof contract Add Your Title Preamble（约首） Body（本文） Witness clause（约尾） Add Your Title improt & export practices

  17. Preamble #the full name and address of the buyer and the seller improt & export practices

  18. Body Description of commodity all the terms and conditions agreed upon Quantity Package Price Payment Transport Insurance Inspection Claims & dispute improt & export practices

  19. Witness clause indication of the number of original copies of the contract, the language used, the term of validity and possible extension of the contract. improt & export practices

  20. Modification or Termination of Contract • A contract may be modified or terminated by the mere agreement of the parties. • (2) A contract in writing which contains a provision requiring any modification or termination Add Your Title improt & export practices

  21. Modification or Termination of Contract However, a party may be precluded by his conduct from asserting such a provision to the extent that the other party has relied on that conduct. Add Your Title improt & export practices

  22. 案例分析 • 美国A公司10月4日向B公司传真发盘，出售电子元器件，规定当天下午5时复到有效。B公司当天下午4时以传真答复，对价格及检验索赔条件提出不同意见。10月5日，A公司与B公司电话洽商，B公司同意接受A公司的价格，A公司同意B公司的检验索赔条件，至此双方口头达成一致意见，并一致同意两公司代表在广交会上签署合同。10月20日，A公司代表去广交会会见B公司代表，并交上一份A公司已签字的合同文本，B公司代表表示要审阅后再签字。 improt & export practices

  23. 案例分析 • 三天后，A公司代表再次会见B公司代表，而B公司代表仍未在合同上签字。A公司代表即索回了未签字的合同。11月份，A公司致电B公司要求开证履约，B公司不同意，双方发生争议 • （1）双方于5日通过电话协商达成一致意见是否表示合同已于此时成立？ • （2）要求签署书面合同是否仅仅是一种形式而不会影响到合同的有效成立？ • （3）双方最终是否建立合同关系？ improt & export practices

  24. 案例分析答案 本案中，双方在电话磋商中虽达成一致，但又保留了条件，即决定在10月广交会上达成书面合同。 • 此时，要求签署书面合同已经不是一种形式，而是会影响到合同的有效成立。 • 买卖合同所要求的具体形式没有完成，双方的交易也就没有成立。 improt & export practices

  25. 为您打开一扇门— 通往知识的海洋 improt & export practices

  26. 案例分析？ • 我某技术贸易公司就某项技术贸易的进口事宜与国外某客户进行洽谈，经过双方多次的发盘、还盘函电往来，最终实现有效接受，但未订立正式的书面合同。根据双方的函电往来表明，对方应于2000年12月前向我方提供一项技术贸易的出口，而时至2001年1月，对方仍未向我方提供该项技术贸易。我方曾多次要求对方履行合约，对方却以未订立正式书面合同为由否认合约已达成。问：1)双方的交易是否已达成?为什么?2)就此案例，我应如何处理? improt & export practices

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