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ENZYMATIC TREATMENTS ON TEXTILE GOODS

Presentation about 'ENZYMATIC TREATMENTS ON TEXTILE GOODS'

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ENZYMATIC TREATMENTS ON TEXTILE GOODS

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  1. Southeast University School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering Submitted by: Name Batch ID 13th 2010000400008 Md. Mazadul Hasan Sheshir Southeast University Department Of Textile Engineering I/A 251,252 Tejgaon Dhaka Bangladesh ENZYMATIC TREATMENTS ON TEXTILE GOODS 2

  2. Southeast University School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering Abstract • Amylase, Protease, Cellulase, Pectinase etc. are widely used in textiles. In Bangladesh we found the use of amylase, cellulase, catalase widely rather than other enzymes. we have described many aspects of application of enzymes in textile with application methods, conditions, mechanisms and affects on the end products & environment with experimental data. Health and safety issues also included here. • We have studied the effect of bio-polishing by using acid stable cellulase enzyme in different circumstances. Catalase, Laccase, ENZYMATIC TREATMENTS ON TEXTILE GOODS 3

  3. Southeast University School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering Enzyme • Enzyme is specialized high molecular weight protein produced within an organism, which is capable of catalyzing specific chemical reaction. They are also known as "Biocatalyst". ENZYMATIC TREATMENTS ON TEXTILE GOODS 4

  4. Southeast University School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering Source of enzyme: Classification of enzyme: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Oxidoreductase Transferase Hydrolase Lyase Isomerase Ligase or Synthetase 1. 2. 3. Vegetable source Bacterial source Animal source The history of enzymes in textile: •Amylase at desizing in 1952 •Catalase at bleach cleanup in 1993 •Pectinase at bio-scouring in 2003 ENZYMATIC TREATMENTS ON TEXTILE GOODS 5

  5. Southeast University Lock and key model School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering Induced fit model 6

  6. Southeast University School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering Enzymes used in textile processing Process Types of enzyme used Amylase Desizing Pectinase Scouring Catalase Peroxide killing Laccase Denim bleaching Cellulase Bio polishing Protease Anti-shrink &Anti-felting on wool ENZYMATIC TREATMENTS ON TEXTILE GOODS 7

  7. Southeast University •Hydrolase class of enzyme. •Used for desizing. •Hydrolyses 1-4 α glucosidic linkage of amylase and amylopectin of starch to convert them into soluble dextrins. Amylase School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering Process of desizing with amylase: ENZYMATIC TREATMENTS ON TEXTILE GOODS 8

  8. Mechanism of starch breakdown with amylase ENZYMATIC TREATMENTS ON TEXTILE GOODS 9

  9. Southeast University Cellulase School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering •Hydrolase class of enzyme. •Used for bio-polishing and stone washing effects. •Used in detergent formulations to enhance detergency, improve brightness & remove microfibrils. ENZYMATIC TREATMENTS ON TEXTILE GOODS 10

  10. Southeast University School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering Mechanism of cellulase enzymes on cellulosic Fibers There are four main actions- 1. Endocellulase cleave the long cellulose chains randomly to produce two shorter chains. 2. Exocellulase attack one end of the cellulose chain, cleaving one glucose unit at a time. 3. Cellobiohydrolase similarly act on one end of the cellulose chain, producing a cellobiose molecule. 4. Cellobioase degrade cellobiose molecules to the simplest glucose unit. ENZYMATIC TREATMENTS ON TEXTILE GOODS 11

  11. Mechanism of cellulase enzymes on cellulosic fibers Cellobiohydrolase Exocellulase OH OH OH CH2OH H H H CH2OH CH2O H O O O H OH H OH H OH H H H O O O O O O O H H H OH H H H OH OH H H H H H H H H O H O H O H H CH2OH H OH CH2OH CH2OH H OH H OH CH2OH OH H CH2OH O H H O H H H OH H H O H H O H H OH OH OH H H O OH OH CH2OH H OH H OH Glucose Cellobiase CH2OH CH2OH O O H H H H H H H H OH OH OH OH OH O H H OH H OH Glucose 12 Glucose

  12. Southeast University Pectinase School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering •Used for bio-scouring. •BOD & COD are (20-45)% of alkaline scouring (100%). •TDS is (20- 50)% of alkaline scouring (100%). •Handle is very soft compared to harsh feel in alkaline scouring. •Highly suitable for blends containing fibers like wool, silk, viscose, modal, lyocell, lycra etc. Semi-continuous pad-steam process ENZYMATIC TREATMENTS ON TEXTILE GOODS 13

  13. Southeast University Catalase •Oxidoreductase class of enzyme. •Catalase is used for the removal of H2O2after bleaching. •One catalase molecule can convert 40 million molecules of hydrogenperoxide to water and oxygen per second. School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering Efficiency of H2O2removal* Conventional process Enzymatic process Process Residual peroxide, Process Residual peroxide, ppm ppm After bleaching After bleaching 100 100 After the 1sthot rinse Catalase, 5 min 60 10 After the 2ndhot rinse Catalase, 10 min 10 2 After the 1stcold rinse Catalase, 15 min 2 0.5 Before dyeing Catalase, 20 min 0.5 0 * Source- Novozymes(1000 kg of fabric, liquid ratio 1:10); ENZYMATIC TREATMENTS ON TEXTILE GOODS 14

  14. Southeast University Cidascour LTJ Wetting agent Sodium hexametaphosphate Temperature Time pH M : L Scouring: Sodium Hydroxide Sodium Carbonate : : : : : : : : : 2.5 % 1 % 0.5 % 0.5 % 0.2 % 80 °C 4 – 5 hours 9 – 10 1 : 20 School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering Bleaching: Hydrogen peroxide (50%) Sodium silicate Sodium hexametaphosphate Temperature Time pH M : L : : : : : : : 0.5 – 1 % 1 % 0.2 % 85 °C 2 hours 10–10.5 1 : 20 One bath scouring and peroxide bleaching: Sodium hydroxide Lissapol D Hydrogen peroxide Sodium silicate Sodium hexametaphosphate Temperature Time pH M : L : : : : : : : : : 2.5 % 0.5 % 2 – 3 % 1.5 % 0.2 % 80 °C 2 – 3 hours 10 – 10.5 1 : 20 15

  15. Southeast University 85 °C Conventional scouring and bleaching One bath scouring and bleaching Peroxide bleaching at Grey fabric Grey fabric School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering Cold wash Cold wash Hot wash Scouring and peroxide bleaching at boil Scouring at boil Hot wash Hot wash Hot wash Cold wash Hot wash Hot wash Drying Cold wash Cold wash Drying 16

  16. Southeast University School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering Bio-polishing recipe: BP Nano(Cellulase) Acetic acid T-100 (Peroxide killer) Securon 540(Seq. agent) : Temperature Time pH : : : 0.9 1 0.08 g/l 0.25 g/l 55-60 °C 40-60 min. 4.5-5 g/l g/l : : : ENZYMATIC TREATMENTS ON TEXTILE GOODS 17

  17. Southeast University Fresh w ater and fabric load at 45°C Process flow chart of bio-polishing Raise temperature to 70°C Securon 540 & peroxide killer School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering H2O2 inject and run 5 min. Tem perature raise to 60°C Temperature raise to 55°C Temperature raise to 105°C Run for 1 hr. Detergent & peroxide stabilizer (Inject) Run for 30 min. Rinsing and unload Run for 5 m in Drain out Inject NaOH and run 5 min. BP Nano & Acetic acid 18

  18. Southeast University Bio-polishing after dyeing Bio-polishing before dyeing Well scoured and bleached sample Well scoured and bleached sample Hot wash Hot wash School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering Dye addition Cold wash Bio-polishing Hot wash Salt addition ( 2 installment ) Cold wash Soaping Bio-polishing Soda ash addition ( 2 installment ) Hot wash Drying Cold wash Dyeing Dye addition Cold wash Drying Hot wash Salt addition Drying Hot wash Addition of soda ash Soaping ( at boil ) 19

  19. Southeast University School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering Result Properties Factors affecting bio- polishing Concentration Temperature pH M : L Time (min.) 1% 2% 3% 45°C 50°C 55°C 4-5 5-6 6-7 1:10 1:15 1:20 40 50 60 Weight loss (%) 0.93 1.12 0.62 0.51 1.01 1.42 2.48 0.77 1.46 2.12 1.03 1.45 2.56 1.21 1.1 Abrasion (mm) 0.06 0.08 0.09 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.07 Wash fastness 4-5 4-5 4-5 4-5 4-5 4-5 4 4 3 4-5 4 4 4-5 4-5 4-5 Pilling rating 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 ENZYMATIC TREATMENTS ON TEXTILE GOODS 20

  20. Southeast University School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering Effects of enzyme treatment on dyeing property Properties Results Concentration of Enzyme 1% 2% 3% 1% 2% 3% Enzymes treatment after dyeing Enzyme treatment before dyeing Weight loss (%) 0.77 1.23 1.89 0.79 1.25 1.93 Abrasion (mm) 0.04 0.07 0.08 0.05 0.06 0.09 Wash fastness 4 4-5 4-5 2-3 3 3-4 Pilling rating 3 4 4 3 4 4 K/S Values 9.6 8.9 8.1 9.9 9.9 9.9 ENZYMATIC TREATMENTS ON TEXTILE GOODS 21

  21. Southeast University School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering Discussion • The best result is obtained at 1:10, M : L and 3% concentration • Enzyme shows maximum activity at pH (5 – 5.5) & 55 °C temperature . But optimum bio-polishing is obtained at pH 4-5. • The best bio-polishing effect is obtained at 50 min. treatment time. • Depth of shade increases when enzyme treatment is given before dyeing and the depth decreases when enzyme treatment is given after dyeing. • Pilling tendency decreases with application of enzyme. • One bath bio-polishing effect is not as good as the two bath method. 22 ENZYMATIC TREATMENTS ON TEXTILE GOODS

  22. Southeast University School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering Conclusion • Chemical commercial and environmental point of view. • Harsh and hazardous chemical processes involving high temperature, pressure, acidity, or alkalinity, need high capital investment and specially designed equipment and control systems. • Enzymes have contributed to more environmentally adapted processes because they are bio-degradable, they can replace harsh chemicals and they reduce high temperatures & pressures. processes have inherent drawbacks from ENZYMATIC TREATMENTS ON TEXTILE GOODS 23

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