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Chapter 1 Overview

Chapter 1 Overview. On-line materials. http://www.scsite.com/dc2011cp. Ch 4 Processor. Control Unit. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU). Instructions Data Information. Instructions Data Information. Ch 1 – Overview Ch 2 – Internet & WWW Ch 3 – Application Software Ch 8 – System Software.

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Chapter 1 Overview

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  1. Chapter 1Overview On-line materials http://www.scsite.com/dc2011cp

  2. Ch 4 Processor Control Unit Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) InstructionsDataInformation InstructionsDataInformation Ch 1 – Overview Ch 2 – Internet & WWW Ch 3 – Application Software Ch 8 – System Software Control Unit Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) Memory InputDevices Ch 5 OutputDevices Ch 6 Information Data StorageDevices Ch 7

  3. What Is a Computer? Processes data into information Data that is organized, meaningful, and useful Acceptsdata Raw facts, figures, and symbols Produces and stores results Stores for further use Communicates to other users and computers • Electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory

  4. Data Raw facts, figures, and symbols Information Data that is organized, meaningful, and useful What are data and information?

  5. Information processing cycle Process Input Output Communication Storage

  6. What is hardware? Hardware electric, electronic and mechanical components

  7. Hardware

  8. Computer hardware includes: • Input devices • Output devices • Processing hardware (System unit) • Storage devices (magnetic, optical, electronic) • Media devices • Communication (network) devices

  9. What is an input device? Hardware used to enter data and instructions PC camera microphone keyboard mouse scanner digital camera

  10. What is an output device? Hardware that conveys information to a user monitor speakers printer

  11. Holds data, instructions, and information for future use What is storage? Storage media • Physical material on which data, instructions, and information are stored Storage device • Records and retrieves items to and from a storage medium

  12. What is the system unit? Processor Also called a Central Processing Unit (CPU) The electronic component that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer Memory Consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by those instructions

  13. What is communications hardware? Establishes a connection between two computers using a modem, cable, electric grid, telephone lines, wireless,and satellites modem

  14. What are networks?Collections of computers and devices connected together via communication devices and transmission media

  15. Worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals • What is the Internet?

  16. Networks and the Internet • People use the Internet for a variety of reasons:

  17. A social networking Web siteencourages members to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other users

  18. What is the World Wide Web (WWW)? Billions of documents, called Web pages, linked together on computers throughout the world Web browser Program used to access and view Web page Search engine Program used to select Web pages according to a criteria and evaluate them Web site Collection of related Web pages Web page Contains text, graphics, sound, or video and links to other Web pages

  19. Consists of a seriesof instructions thattells the computerwhat to do and how to do it Also called aprogram • What is software?

  20. Software • High-level language program (in C) swap intv[], int k){ int temp; temp = v[k]; v[k] = v[k+1]; v[k+1] = temp; } • Assembly language program (for 80x86) pusha movah,2Ah int21h movbyte ptr Place,'0' cmpdh,9 jaM1 Machine code 000000 00000 00101 0001000010000000 000000 00100 00010 0001000000100000

  21. What is software ( SW )? Programs that control the operations of the computer – System Software Programs that perform specific tasks for users – Application Software

  22. Installing is the process of setting up software to work with the computer

  23. What are the categories of computers? Embedded Computers Mobile Computers andMobile Devices Personal Computers(desktop, laptop, notebook, tablet ) Game Consoles Servers Mainframes Supercomputers

  24. A special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product • What is an embedded computer?

  25. Embedded Computers

  26. Small enough to fit in one hand Used by mobile employees such as meter readers and delivery people • What is ahandheld (mobile) computer?

  27. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

  28. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

  29. A smart phone isan Internet-enabledtelephone that usuallyprovides PDA capabilities • What aresmart phones?

  30. What is eBook? • Amazon Kindle

  31. What is iPad? Who is he? A tablet PC

  32. What is apersonal digital assistant (PDA)? • Provides personal organizer functions • Calendar • Appointment book • Address book • Calculator • Notepad

  33. What is adesktop computer? • Designed so all of the components fit entirely on or under a desk or table

  34. What is anotebook computer? • Portable, small enough to fit on your lap • Also called a laptop computer

  35. Mobile computing device designed for single-player or multiplayer video games Xbox-360, Sony play station, Nintendo, Wee • What aregame consoles?

  36. Servers A server controls access to network resources and provides centralized storage

  37. Mainframes MainframeVery powerful, expensive computer that supports thousands of connected users

  38. Supercomputers SupercomputerThe fastest, most powerful, most expensive computer. Used for applications requiring complex mathematical calculations

  39. Computer system includes • Hardware - the physical components of a computer • Software – programs to perform specific tasks • Computer architecture (outside view – what it does?) • Computer organization (inside view – how it does?) • What has to be added to get an Information System?

  40. Elements of an Information System

  41. Who are users of computers? • Home user • SOHO user • Mobile user • Power user • Enterprise user

  42. Computer Applications in Society

  43. Computer Applications in Society

  44. Appreciating the Gift Crime fighting Tools for disabled Automation Paperless technologies Transportation (efficiency and safety) More efficient government Telecommuting Management of economy Fighting enemies

  45. Appreciating the Gift News, research Distance education Entertainment games, leisure listen to music Online shopping Surfing WWW Health management Bank and invest Watch movies

  46. Computers add complexity From natural to virtual More consumerism Public Safety Impact on Labor Force Impact on Environment

  47. Weakening of local communal life Digital divide Internet addiction New kinds of crimes Easy brainwashing

  48. Advantages Disadvantages of Using Computers

  49. Green computinginvolves reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computer

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