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Explore the justifications for slavery in the South, the impact of slavery on the expanding country, and the political conflicts surrounding the spread of slavery. Learn about the Missouri Compromise, Wilmot Proviso, opposing views, and the emergence of the Free Soil Party.
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Chapter 16 Section 1 Slavery in the Territories
Think about this… • How did the South justify slavery? • Why is slavery going to be an issue as the country grows Westward? • Do new countries become free or slave?
Missouri Compromise A. 1819-11 free states and 11 slave states 1. Missouri applies for statehood as slave state 2. Crisis erupts because North opposes Missouri coming in as slave state
B. Senator Henry Clay makes Missouri Compromise 1. Missouri will be slave state 2. Maine will be free state C. Imaginary line drawn across Southern border of Missouri 1. Slavery permitted in Louisiana Purchase territory South of line. 2. Slavery banned North of the line except for Missouri
II. Slavery in the West A. Mexican War adds more land to West B. Wilmot Proviso 1. Northerners feared South would extend slavery in the West
2. PA Congressman Dave Wilmot calls for law banning slavery from territories won from Mexico. 3. Southern Leaders opposed this 4. House passed it but Senate didn’t C. Opposing Views 1. Abolitionists wanted slavery banned
2. South wanted slavery allowed all over 3. Moderates wanted Missouri Compromise extended to the Pacific. 4. Other moderates supported popular sovereignty
III. Free Soil Party A. New political party 1. Northern Democrats and Whigs opposed spread of slavery 2. Did not want to lose Southern votes or split nation
B. 1848 Presidential election 1. Free Soil Part-Former President Martin Van Buren 2. Democrats-Lewis Cass 3. Whigs-Mexican War hero Zachary Taylor
C. Zachary Taylor Wins 1. Van Buren wins 10% of popular vote 2. 13 other Free Soil candidates win seats in Congress 3. slavery is now an issue.