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SOCIAL CULTURAL LEVEL OF ANALYSIS: SOCIAL AND CULTURAL NORMS

SOCIAL CULTURAL LEVEL OF ANALYSIS: SOCIAL AND CULTURAL NORMS. A norm = a set of rules based on socially or culturally shared beliefs of how an individual ought to behave (CC p.111)  regulate behaviour within a group

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SOCIAL CULTURAL LEVEL OF ANALYSIS: SOCIAL AND CULTURAL NORMS

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  1. SOCIAL CULTURAL LEVEL OF ANALYSIS: SOCIAL AND CULTURAL NORMS

  2. A norm = a set of rulesbased on sociallyorculturallysharedbeliefs of how an individualought to behave (CC p.111)  regulatebehaviourwithin a group • Howdoes a societyor culture pass on itsnorms?  social learningtheory

  3. Social learningtheory • AlbertBandura (see CC p.113) • Emphasizes the role of observationallearning:  The effect of indirectmodelsthatarenottrying to influencebehaviour • Social learninginvolvesfourfactors: • Attention • Retention • Motor reproduction • motivation

  4. Motivation is affectedby • Consistency • Identificationwith the model • Rewards/punishment (the effect of vicariousreinforcement) • Liking the model

  5. The theoryhasbeenusedespecially to explain the effect of violence in the media on aggression in children • The famousBobodoll –study(CC p.112-113)

  6. Otherstudiesrelated to the effect of watching TV violence • Huesmann and Eron 1986: a longitudinalstudy for 15 years (CC p.113) • Study in Canada byKimball and Zabrack 1986 (CC p.114) • The naturalexperiment on the island of St Helena (1995-2000) (CC p.114)

  7. The positiveeffects of TV: • A studyrelated to the serialshown in Tanzania 1993-1996 • The Sabidomethod (CC p.115)

  8. Evaluation of social learningtheory • There is often a gapbetweenobserving the model and demonstrating the behaviour is the behaviourresult of observing the model? • Bandurahasdevelopedhistheoryinto social cognitivetheoryand self-efficacytheory • Focus on beliefs and the effect of self-beliefs on behaviour • Notonlyrolemodelsbutalsoownbeliefsand interpretationsbased on ownexperienceaffectbehaviour (see CC p.313)

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