College Placement Chemistry: Year In Review

1. College Placement Chemistry: Year In Review * Denotes concepts that occur repeatedly throughout the course

2. Be able to identify reactants and products in a word reaction • Understand what the law of conservation of mass means • Know the difference between a compound and element* Chapter 2-Matter and Change CP Chemistry Year In Review

3. Can you use scientific notation effectively* • Can you convert between K and oC • Be able to use the density formula (D=M/V) to solve for all three variables • Can you convert between metric system units* Chapter 3-Scientific Measurement CP Chemistry Year In Review

4. Can you identify the significant historical events that have led to our modern day understanding of the atom • Know the three subatomic particles and how they are arranged in the atom • Be able to determine atomic number, mass number, and atomic mass by looking at a periodic table* Chapter 4 – Atomic Structure CP Chemistry Year In Review

5. Know the definitions of the three principles that govern how electrons arrange themselves in the atom • Be able to identify electron configurations for neutral atoms and ions • Understand orbitals and their energy relationship to each other (sublevels) • Energy, frequency and wavelength calculations Chapter 5 – Electrons CP Chemistry Year In Review

6. Can you look at periodic table and figure out what the charge will be on an element’s stable cation or anion* • Mendelev and Moseley: Their significance with the development of the periodic table • Where are the metals, non-metals, and metalloids* • Be able to identify s, p, d, and f-blocks of periodic table • Periodic trends: Understand the relationships (Electronegativity is quite important)* Chapter 6 – Periodic Table CP Chemistry Year In Review

7. Know which elements will form ionic compounds* • Understand and apply the octet rule* • Properties of ionic compounds • Names of common anions (chloride, oxide, nitride)* • Understand how metallic bonding works Chapter 7 – Ionic and Metallic Bonding CP Chemistry Year In Review

8. Properties of covalent (molecular) compounds and what types of elements make them • How a covalent bond differs from an ionic bond* • Theory behind VSEPR and its consequences on geometry of compounds • Geometries of various compounds (5 common)* • Polarity of covalent bonds* • Types of intermolecular forces Chapter 8 – Covalent Bonding CP Chemistry Year In Review

9. Naming of cations and anions* • Names of common polyatomic ions (you will have your ion chart reference sheet) • Naming of ionic compounds • Naming of ionic compounds that contain transition metals • Naming of covalent (molecular compounds) • Be able to go back and forth between written name of chemical and its chemical formula* Chapter 9 – Chemical Naming CP Chemistry Year In Review

10. Concept of mole and Avogadro’s number* • Be able to get atomic mass from periodic table* • Be able to calculate molar masses of compunds* • Understand the mole road map; can you convert * 1) grams to moles: moles to grams • 2) particles to moles: moles to particles • 3) liters to moles: moles to liters Chapter 10 – Chemical Quantities (Mole) CP Chemistry Year In Review

11. Be able to write and interpret chemical reactions • Be able to balance chemical reactions* • Identify the 5-types of chemical reactions* Chapter 11 – Chemical Reactions CP Chemistry Year In Review

12. Be able to use mole ratios in calculations* • Solve stoichiometric problems • Use stoichiometry to determine limiting reagent and percent yield (theoretical vs. actual) Chapter 12 – Stoichiometry CP Chemistry Year In Review

13. KMT theory and assumptions that must be made for gases • How pressure changes due to outside forces • Understand some basic properties of liquids • Understand some basic properties of solids Chapter 13 – States of Matter CP Chemistry Year In Review

14. Be able to solve gas law problems • Be able to solve ideal gas law problems • Understand the factors that affect gas pressure and how they relate to each other* Chapter 14 – Behavior of Gases CP Chemistry Year In Review

15. Shape of a water molecule • Special properties of water (hydrogen bonding, etc.)* • Understand the concept of like dissolves like (solubility)* • Tyndall effect – Colloids, suspensions, and solutions Chapter 15 – Water and other Aqueous Systems CP Chemistry Year In Review

16. Components of a solution* • Solubility and the terms saturated, unsaturated, supersaturated, miscible, and immiscible • Be able to conduct molarity calculations* • Dilution calculations • Can you identify colligative properties of solutions and explain them • Molality calculations with respect to colligative properties Chapter 16 – Solutions CP Chemistry Year In Review

17. Use specific heat to solve for heat (q), mass, or change in temperature • Know the units of heat, joules or calories, and how to convert between them • Understand phase changes with respect to heat and the calculations involved • Know the six phase changes and how they relate to a heating and cooling diagram Chapter 17 – Thermochemistry CP Chemistry Year In Review

18. Understand collision theory • Know the factors that affect a reaction rate • Be able to construct Keq equation by looking at a reaction • Understand the relationship between whether a reaction will work or not and Keq • Le Chatelier’s Principle and how various factors affect an equilibrium Chapter 18 – Reaction Rates and Equilibrium CP Chemistry Year In Review

19. Properties of acids and bases • Know Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry, and Lewis definitions of acids and bases • Be able to convert between pH, pOH, [H+], and [OH-] • Understand neutralization reactions and titrations Chapter 19 – Acids and Bases CP Chemistry Year In Review

20. Know the three main types of radiation • Know the particles involved in radiation Chapter 25 – Nuclear Chemistry CP Chemistry Year In Review