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Italian History (slides) by F. G. restauration. Restauration of old princes after Napoleon (1815-1848), age of the Holy Alliance, first attempts of independence. austria. Austria, or the Habsburg Empire, the enemy of Italian independence, the plurinational
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Italian History(slides) by F. G.
restauration Restauration of old princes after Napoleon (1815-1848), age of the Holy Alliance, first attempts of independence
austria Austria, or the Habsburg Empire, the enemy of Italian independence, the plurinational monarchy, the catholic power prince of Metternich
mazzini Giuseppe Mazzini (1815-72), political thinker, conspirator, leader of the republican and democratic wing of Risorgimento, Founder of “Giovane Italia” and “Giovane Europa”
sardinia House of Savoy, kingdom of Sardinia, Piedmont King Carlo Alberto Turin
1848 1848, the spring of nations, the Manifesto of communists, first war of independence, the “Statuto albertino” in Piedmont, victory of Austria (1849), king Carlo Alberto abdicates to the throne. Karl Marx
vitt ema II Vittorio Emanuele II of Savoy (1820-1878), “ il re galantuomo”, king of Sardinia, fist king of united Italy, hunter, lover.
cavour Camillo Benso, count of Cavour (1810-61), Piedmontese, liberal, the prime minister of Vittorio Emanuele II who united Italy war of Crimea
garibaldi Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807-82), the “hero of the two worlds”, General, patriot, republican, socialist, writer, lover, conqueror of Naples and Sicily (for the Savoy)
1861 1860. II war of independence. The French ally. Austria defeated Italy unites. The kingdom of Italy (March 1861). Rome missing? Napoleon III Cavour dies
The Mezzogiorno. North and South. Bandits or rebels? south Garibaldi gives the South to the King of Italy
Florence capital of Italy (1864-70). The “destra storica”, a liberal ruling class florence Baron B. Ricasoli Marco Minghetti
1866. Third war of independence. The Prussian ally. Kingdom of Prussia winner in the Austro-Prussian war. Italy defeated both at sea and on the field. Veneto to Italy. 1866 battle of Custoza General La Marmora Otto von Bismarck battle of Lissa
1870. Rome to Italy. End of papal state. Napoleon III defeated by Bismarck 1871. Declaration of German Reich. 1870
pio IX Pius IX. The prisoner Pope. The infallible Pope. The Pope of Syllabus. The enemy of Savoy and liberalism
depretis 1876-87. The “sinistra storica” to power. “Trasformismo?” Agostino Depretis (1813-87)
1882 1882. The conservative alliance. Austria, Germany and Italy. Rivalry with France on North Africa.
crispi Francesco Crispi(1818-1901, Sicilian statesman, prime minister, former republican, crushed first social movements in Sicily, tried to conquer colonies to Italy in Africa The “fasci” siciliani
socialism The “fourth Estate” / 1892: Italian socialist party
Italian colonialism 1890. Erithrea and Somalia Adua 1896. Italian army defeated by ras Menelik 1911-12. Italy conquers Lybia Italy: a late joiner? colonies
emigration End of XIX century – first decades of XX: mass emigration 1913: 900.000 left Italy to America and Europe
1898. Political crisis. People killed in Milan by soldiers. 1900. King Umberto I killed by anarchist anarchist 1898
giolitti Giovanni Giolitti. Statesman, Piedmontese, the man of compromise
1900-1913. Industrial Italy takes off industrialisation
1913. Universal suffrage (for men) 1914. Social unrest. The “red week” social unrest Gabriele D’Annunzio The “vate”
1915-18. Italy joins France and Great Britain, or the fourth war of independence.Trent and Triest. 600.000 soldiers dead war
orlando Vittorio Emanuele Orlando (1860-1952), Sicilian statesman and jurist, the “president of victory”. Italy triumphant but.. D’Annunzio: a “mutilated victory?”
Italy 1920-21.The “biennio rosso”. 1921: Italian Communist Party founded reds Antonio Gramsci Vladimir Lenin
duce Benito Mussolini, the “duce” of fascism 1922. Fascism at power
May 1936 (XIV). Conquest of Ethiopia. The Italian Empire empire