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Software Quality Assurance

Software Quality Assurance. 國立中興大學 資訊管理系 沈肇基. 1. 主 要 大 綱.  什麼是 S/W Quality - Quality Factors SQA Judgement - 完成度分析 S/W Quality Assurance (SQA) S/W Quality Control (SQC) - Maintainability -Reusability -Reliability S/W Metrics

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Software Quality Assurance

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  1. Software Quality Assurance 國立中興大學 資訊管理系 沈肇基 1

  2. 主 要 大 綱 • 什麼是S/W Quality - Quality Factors SQA Judgement -完成度分析 • S/W Quality Assurance (SQA) S/W Quality Control (SQC) • - Maintainability • -Reusability • -Reliability • S/W Metrics • -簡介 -Halstead’s S/W Science • -Function Point -Feature Point • -Cyclomatic Complexity -Knots metrics • -Scope Metrics -Syntatic Complexity Family • -Data Flow Metrics -Information Flow Metric • -Entropy-Based Measure -Dynamic S/W Metrics • S/W Metrics評估 S/W Sizing • S/W Reusability S/W Management Metrics • S/W Reliability  SEI / Capability and Maturity Model 2

  3. 什麼是S/W Quality ? * S/W產品滿足SRS的程度 *由一堆Factor構成 **Correctness 正確性- 是否吻合Spec. 所define之S/W。 **Usability 可用性- 是否方便實用。 Operation **Reliability 可靠度 - MTBF。 Factors **Efficiency 效率- 時間、設備之使用等。 **Integrity 完密性- 通常指Security。 **Testability 可測性 - 可以用確定程序驗證。 維護factor **Flexibility 彈性- 增減難易度。 **Maintainability可維護性- 好不好修理。 **Reusability **Portability - rehost **Interoperability 介面 -系統介面能力 Open System S/W Quality 確認 Design Quality 審核 in S/W SQA SQC The Basic Concept of SQA 3

  4. CRITERIA McCALL et al. MODEL M E T R I C S BOEHM et al. MODEL OPERABILITY FACTOR TRAINING USABILITY PRIMITIVE CONSTRUCTS COMMUNICATIVENESS USE INTERMEDIATE CONSTRUCTS I/O VOLUME INTEGRITY 促進軟體使用透明度的utility PRIMARY USES I/O RATE DEVICE-INDEPENDENCE ACCESS CONTROL PORTABILITY PRODUCT OPERATION COMPLETENESS EFFICIENCY ACCESS AUDIT STORAGE EFFICIENCY ACCURACY RELIABILITY CORRECTNESS AS-IS UTILITY EXECUTION EFFICIENCY CONSISTENCY TRACEABILITY EFFICIENCY RELIABILITY COMPLETENESS DEVICE EFFICIENCY ACCURACY HUMAN ENGINEERING ACCESSIBILITY GENERAL UTILITY MAINTAINABILITY ERROR TOLERANCE CONSISTENCY COMMUNICATIVENESS PRODUCT REVISION SIMPLICITY TESTABILITY TESTABILITY STRUCTUREDNESS CONCISENESS INSTRUMENTATION MAINTAIN ABILITY SELF-DESCRIPTIVENESS FLEXIBILITY UNDERSTAND-ABILITY EXPANDABILITY GENERALITY CONCISENESS REUSABILITY SELF-DESCRIPTIVENESS PRODUCT TRANSITION MODIFIABILITY MODULARITY LEGIBILITY PORTABILITY MACHINE INDEPENDENCE AUGMENTABILITY SOFTWARE SYSTEM INDEPENDENCE INTEROPERABILITY COMMUNICATIONS COMMONALITY 4 DATA COMMONALITY

  5. 品質因素之TRADE-OFF Correctness Reliability Correctness Efficiency Reliability Integrity Efficiency Usability Integrity Maintainability Usability Testability Maintainability Flexibility Testability Portability Flexibility Reusability Portability Interoperability Reusability Interoperability 5 :Trade-Off :相輔相成

  6. 軟體品質基本觀念 軟體品質因素(Quality Factors) Product Revision Product Transition Product Operations Portability(Will I be able to use it on another machine?) Reusability(Will I be able to reuse some of the software?) Interoperability(Will I be able to interface it with another system? ) Maintainability(Can I fix it ?) Flexibility(Can I Change it ?) Testability (Can I test it ?) Correctness(Does it do what I Want?) Reliability(Does it do it accurately all of the time?) Efficiency(Will it run on my hardware as well as it can?) Integrity(Is it secure?) Usability(Can I run it ?) 6

  7. 產品轉移類 (PRODUCT TRANSITION) Interest Group 軟體生產/開發者 (套裝、工具軟體開發者) 、系統整合者 品質因素 可攜性：將軟體產品由一”硬體”或”軟硬體”環境換到另一環境所需之花費。 Portability Note：例如Lotus 123由MS DOS轉到WINDOWS OS上。 可重複使用性：此一軟體或其部份是否可使用在其他軟體應用中。 Reusability Note：資料處理軟體之共用資料存取、螢幕控制模組設計方法、開發成本。 交互運作性：系統間之連繫是否費力。 Interoperability Note：資料庫或應用軟體系統間之資料交換。資料庫軟體系統輸出給繪畫控制軟體做繪圖輸出。影像檔案格式、資料壓縮方法等。 7

  8. 產品運作類 (PRODUCT OPERATION) Interest Group 軟體購買者、軟體生產/銷售者。 品質因素 正確性：確認該軟體是否符合需求。 Correctness Note：經由正式測試。訂製型軟體－接收測試、AT、ATS、ATP。套裝軟體－Alpha Test、Beta Test。 可靠性：該軟體一直能正確運作 Reliability Note：測試及使用狀況資料記錄收集。Error Frequency、ErrorSeverity、 MTBF、MTTR。 效率：軟體產品是否將硬體系統資源運用得很好。 Efficiency Note：IO Access、Memory Space、裝備佔用。 整體性：系統是否安全、資料是否可能被入侵。 IntegrityNote：密碼保護、資料加密。 可使用性：操作及學習是否容易、使用時之準備工作是否方便。 UsabilityNote：親使用者設計、防止操作錯誤之設計。 8

  9. 產品修改類 (PRODUCT REVISION) Interest Group 軟體開發者、維護者、訂製型軟體購買者 品質因素 可測性: 確認該軟體是正確運作之測試所需之花費。 Testability Note: Test Case Design、Test Implementation、發展方法SA/SD、OOD、 發展者之經驗及素質、Transform analysis 可維護性: 軟體發現錯誤時要修正所需花費。 Maintainability Note: 文件品質、管制方式、設計方法。 彈性: 軟體是否易於修改以適應環境及需求的變遷。 Flexibility Note: Design Quality、Design Method 9

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