An Application of VoIP and MPLS Advisor: Dr. Kevin Ryan

1. An Application of VoIP and MPLSAdvisor: Dr. Kevin Ryan By: Jitesh Kunder For: Jitesh Inc.

2. Introduction Setup at Jitesh Inc. Introduction to MPLS Project Description Project Status Experience at Jitesh Inc. Overview

3. Leading player in the field of expertise Two Major departments in IT are: 1)Networking – Provision and maintenance of computer and network support 2)Telecommunication – Provision and maintenance of telephone service and communication Introduction

4. Roles & Responsibilities : 1) Networking Team: Provision and maintenance of computers Providing network support to the users Maintenance and upgrade of the various Servers Taking data backup and providing this data whenever required Ensuring data security by making data available to authorized users Installing various application soft wares like antivirus, office soft wares and providing timely updates Continue Current Setup: IT Department

5. 2) Telecommunication Team: Setting up the infrastructure and providing telephone service to all the employees Creating a communication link between distant locations like conference bridges to keep these offices connected at all times Maintenance and upgrades when required Current Setup: IT Department

6. There are separate dedicated lines for Voice and Data communication between each locations Current Network Structure

7. Advantages: - Both departments can handle their own issues and hence management is simpler - Any upgrades required, need not be done on both the networks Current Network Structure

8. Disadvantages: - The expense to maintain two separate lines for voice and data is much higher - There are separate vendors for both these lines and co-ordination becomes difficult Current Network Structure

9. Proposed Network Structure • Goal of the Company: Provide single line for Voice communications and for data between different locations using MPLS connection.

10. Introduction

11. Ingress LSR Ingress LSRs allow an IP packet to enter the MPLS network by adding to them a MPLS label. These routers receive a packet that is not labeled yet, insert a label (stack) in front of the packet, and send it on a data link. Egress LSR Similarly Egress LSRs remove the MPLS labels from the packet thus, indicating the end of MPLS network. Ingress and egress LSRs are edge LSRs. Intermediate LSR Intermediate LSRs receive an incoming packet that is already labeled by ingress or another intermediate LSR. It is here that label stacking actually takes place. MPLS labels are either stacked or removed as per the requirement and then transported to the desired destination. Label Switch Routers

12. Multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) MPLS is a technique and not a service Embedded on an existing layer like the IP layer Uses the technique of packet forwarding based on labels Routers just have to check the labels and not the destination IP address Packets are forwarded by switching the labels and not touching the IP addresses Description

13. Advantages of MPLS The use of one unified network infrastructure Better IP over ATM integration Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)-free core The peer-to-peer model for MPLS VPN Optimal traffic flow Traffic engineering Advantages

14. MPLS Header

15. The Header is broken into 20-3-1-8 bits First 20 bits form the label value and their value can be 0 to or 1,048,575 Bits 20 to 22 are the three experimental (EXP) bits. Quality of service (QoS) can be set using these bits. Bit 23 is the Bottom of Stack (BoS) bit Bits 24 to 31 are used for Time To Live (TTL) MPLS Header

16. Basic Operation

17. MPLS-capable routers do not break the IP packets More than one packet required to understand the actual destination of the packet BS bit is set to 1 indicating it to be the last label Label Stacking

18. Forward Equivalence Class Class assigned every time a packet enters the MPLS network All packets belonging to the same FEC have the same label Decided by the Ingress LSR Label Switched Path Series of routers through which the packets have a medium to reach the destination Packets belonging to the same FEC have the same label Class and Path

19. Jitesh Inc. has a wide range of products, the call center for product support is located in UK and all the customers are based in the US Call route: Call on toll free number call routed to the PBX office in US  PBX in US connects the PBX at UK Dedicated T-1 lines are provided by the AT&T. Project Description

20. Company pays for Toll free calls as well as dedicated T-1 lines. Current Network Set-up

21. Advantages: - Cost effective The company would otherwise have to pay for an international Toll Free number which would be very expensive Current Network Set-up

22. Disadvantage: Quality of service (QOS) Down-time for the connection Bandwidth Required more bandwidth Cost Savings Expensive compared to the proposed MPLS solution Current Network Set-up

23. Single dedicated MPLS connection for Voice and Data Proposed Network Structure

24. Advantages over conventional set-up: Better QoS Faster communication Single dedicated line for Voice communication and Data communication Annual reduction in costs by approx. 60% Disadvantage over conventional set-up: - High initial investment cost of network set-up Proposed Network Structure

25. Proposed Network Structure Break-even Point

26. Currently deployed in phases Over budget Quality of Service - average Approval from management Project Status

27. Call Analysis (Feasibility Study) Cost Analysis Interaction with prime vendors Presentation to the management Responsibilities at Jitesh Inc.

28. Enhanced technical skills Telecommunication Network Infrastructure Software tools Communication with vendors and upper management Experience at Jitesh Inc.