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Unit 6: Gases and Gas Laws

Unit 6: Gases and Gas Laws. Particles of matter are ALWAYS in motion Volume of individual particles is  zero. Collisions of particles with container walls cause pressure exerted by gas. Particles exert no forces on each other.

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Unit 6: Gases and Gas Laws

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  1. Unit 6: Gasesand Gas Laws

  2. Particles of matter are ALWAYS in motion Volume of individual particles is  zero. Collisions of particles with container walls cause pressure exerted by gas. Particles exert no forces on each other. Average kinetic energy µ Kelvin temperature of a gas. Kinetic Molecular Theory

  3. Units of Pressure

  4. Gases expand to fill their containers Gases are fluid – they flow Gases have low density 1/1000 the density of the equivalent liquid or solid Gases are compressible Gases effuse and diffuse The Nature of Gases

  5. P = 1 atmosphere, 760 torr, 101.3 kPa T = 0°C, 273 Kelvins The molar volume of an ideal gas is 22.42 liters at STP Standard Temperature and Pressure“STP”

  6. Boyle’s Law Pressure is inversely proportional to volume when temperature is held constant.

  7. The volume of a gas is directly proportional to temperature, and extrapolates to zero at zero Kelvin. (P = constant) Charles’s Law Temperature MUST be in KELVINS!

  8. Gay Lussac’s Law The pressure and temperature of a gas are directly related, provided that the volume remains constant. Temperature MUST be in KELVINS!

  9. The Combined Gas Law The combined gas law expresses the relationship between pressure, volume and temperature of a fixed amount of gas. Boyle’s law, Gay-Lussac’s law, and Charles’ law are all derived from this by holding a variable constant.

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