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Network Coding Architecture - Building Blocks - Victor Firoiu, Brian Adamson

This draft explores the architecture of network coding, covering coding, reliability, forwarding, and congestion control building blocks. It includes use cases and considerations for implementation in networking scenarios.

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Network Coding Architecture - Building Blocks - Victor Firoiu, Brian Adamson

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  1. Network Coding Architecture - Building Blocks - Victor Firoiu, Brian Adamson with inputs from Cedric Adjih, Jonathan Detchart, Marie-Jose Monpetit, Morten Pedersen, Vincent Roca Draft 2015-03-26

  2. Use Case 1: NC Shim Layer – under TCP, UDP, SSH App App TCP TCP App data Congestion signal, Recv window NC shim NC shim Coding vectors, coded pkts Feedback (rank, null space) NC Reliability NC Reliability Coded symbols, Rank test Cong signal, backpressure NC Cong Ctrl NC Cong Ctrl NC Coding NC Coding Rate control NC Forwarding NC Forwarding Security IP IP IP Unicast Routing Unicast Routing Unicast Routing • Coding: end-end. Passes CC signaling. • Optional: in-network re-coding. • Coding nodes determined by: static configuration, routing or control signaling. • Usage: reliability, similar to source coding. • Security is a key building block factor – impacts all other BBs

  3. Use Case 2: NC Transport, In-Network Coding App App App data FlowID, blockID Coding vectors, Feedback NC Transport NC Transport NC Transport NC Reliability NC Rel NC Reliability Coded symb, Rank test Rate control Cong. signals NC Coding NC Cong Ctrl NC Cod NC CC NC Cong Ctrl NC Coding NC Forwarding NC Forwarding NC Forwarding Pkts containing coded symbols Security (Multi-path) Routing (Multi-path) Routing (Multi-path) Routing IP IP IP IP • Usage: reliability, resilience to link and node outage. • Supports both Unicast and Multicast • Assisted by multi-path (subgraph) routing • Security is a key building block factor – impacts all other BBs

  4. Network Coding Architecture: Building Block View • Coding – all coding operations • Encoding, decoding, test for “innovative”, rank, null space • Uses operations such as finite field and linear transformations • Reliability – algo & control for rel. transp. • Rel. logic: block, window, end-to-end, hop-by-hop • Ctrl: coding info (vectors, ID), feedback. • Forwarding – Tx/Rx coded pkts • Pkt Tx logic: next hop, when to Tx • Ctrl: SG topo, splitting ratios/ fwd factors • Cong Control – control of Tx rates • Ucast, mcast, subgraph <research!> • May use existing CC BB: TFRC [5348] for unicast, TFMCC [4654] for mcast. Source (app) data pkts Flow ID, block ID, Coding vectors, Feedback NC Transport NC Reliability Coded symb, Rank test Cong. signals NC Cong Ctrl NC Coding Coded pkts, Splitting ratios Rate control NC Forwarding Security Routes, mcast/SG topo, neighbors, link quality (Multi-path) Routing • Considerations - Research • Security: how to add encr, vulnerability • Complexity, energy • Heterogeneity

  5. NC Coding Building Block • Function: coding operations • Code/decode, test for block/gen rank, null space, window oper. • Test for innovative/ linear indep. • Interfaces with Reliability BB • Request/provide coded/decoded symbols, block/window rank, • No outside control NC Reliability Code/decode symbols Rank test, null/range space, test for innovative NC Coding

  6. NC Reliability Building Block App • Function: Reliable transport • Rel. logic: block, window, end-end/hop-hop • Manages flow of data/symbols between App, Coding, Fwd BBs • Control: to Rel BB in peer nodes • Session: Flow ID, encoding type/ID, symbol size • Coding info: vectors, ID • Feedback: Block: rank/deg freedom/Null Space Sample; Window: high/low index • Interface w Forwarding BB • Gets Tx opportunity • Provides coded symbols for Tx • Interface w Coding BB • Requests coded/decoded symbols, req tests for rank, innovative QoS/Reliability level Source (app) data pkts Flow ID, block ID, Coding info, feedback NC Reliability Code/ decode symbols Rank test, null/range space, test for innovative Tx opportunity, Coded symbols NC Coding NC Forwarding

  7. NC Forwarding Building Block • Function: Tx/Rx coded pkts • Pkt Tx logic: next hop: neighbor nodes, when to Tx from what flow • Allocates flow slices to paths • Measures netw conditions: loss, delay • Control: w Fwding BB in peer nodes • Coordinate info flow allocation in multi-path/tree/subgraph: splitting ratios/ fwd factors • Data plane: Tx/Rx pkts w coded symbols • Interface w Congestion Control • Provides cong indications (loss, delay), gets Tx rate limit • Interface w routing • Gets ucast/mcast/SG topology NC Reliability NC Cong Ctrl Tx opportunity, Coded symbols Coded pkts, Splitting ratios Rate control NC Forwarding Routes, mcast/SG topo, neighbors, link quality (Multi-path) Routing

  8. NC Congestion Control Building Block • Function: control of Tx rates to avoid congestion and follow TCP-friendly recommendations • Ucast, mcast, subgraph <research!> • May use existing CC BB: TFRC [5348] for unicast, TFMCC [4654] for mcast • Control: w CC BB in peer nodes • Congestion signals: backpressure, ECN, sliding window size • Interface w Fwding BB • Gets cong measurements • Gives Tx rate limit Cong. signals: backpressure, ECN NC Cong Ctrl Cong measurements Rate control NC Forwarding

  9. NC Security Building Block Factor • Security Considerations: • How to add encryption: independent of coding or inter-changeable (e.g., homomorphic) • How to identify vulnerabilities • Different security mechanisms may apply to different BBs • Needs to be applied consistently across this complex system NC Transport Coding vectors, Feedback NC Reliability Coded symb, Rank test Cong. signals NC Cong Ctrl NC Coding Coded pkts Splitting ratios Rate control NC Forwarding Security

  10. Next Steps • Draft on NC Architecture and Building Blocks • Later, may need to split into separate BB drafts • Try to reuse as much as possible: e.g., CC BB: TFRC [5348] for unicast, TFMCC [4654] for mcast • Show how a simple protocol can be built with these building blocks

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