Lesson 2

1. Lesson 2

2. “Man, You Are Guilty As Charged!” ROMANS 1:18-32

3. The General Charge, 1:18-19 God is angry at you, you wicked people, because you are pushing the truth away from yourselves! You are without excuse, for the truth about God is known to you! It is known to you through your instinct! It is known to you through your common sense!

4. 1:18.Sapagka't ang poot ng Dios ay nahahayag mula sa langit laban sa lahat na kasa-maanat kalikuan ng mga tao, na ang katotohanan ay sina-sawata ng kanilang kalikuan; KALIKUAN, “UNRIGHTEOUSNESS” – all offences toward people, neighbor and country which violate moral principles God’s wrath: the What,the Whomand the How! SINASAWATA – hold back, keep back, restrain the truth by their unrighteousness! “POOT,” WRATH (Gr. ORGE) – refers to that intense feeling in which one who is enraged wants to take vengeance! KASAMAAN (?), “UNGODLINESS” (Gr. ASEBEIAN) – failure to honor the true God by paying homage to idols! NAHAHAYAG, “REVEALED” – to the Jews through their Law, and to the Gentiles through reason and conscience.

5. 1:19. Sapagka't ang nakiki-lala tungkol sa Dios ay hayag na sa kanila; sapag-ka't ito'y ipinahayag na ng Dios sa kanila. “IPINAHAYAG NA” – God had already showed it to them; He had endowed them with reason and conscience; He had made them capable of investigating His works; had spread before them the proofs of His wisdom and good-ness; had given them the means of learning His will! “ANG NAKIKILALA TUNGKOL SA DIOS” – that which is knowable about God “HAYAG NA” – is already understood, is already manifest, is already known The reason why they Are without excuse!

6. First Indictment: Your Ignorance Is Inexcusable! 1:20 God has always revealed His existence and power, but you choose not to know!

7. 1:20. Sapagka't ang mga bagay niyang hindi nakikita buhat pa nang lalangin ang sanglibutan ay nakikitang maliwanag, Psalms 19:1. “The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament sheweth his handywork.” “Ang kalangitan ay nagpapahayag ng kaluwalhatian ng Dios; at ipinakikilala ng kalawakan ang gawa ng Kaniyang kamay.” Why is their gross ignorance about God inexcusable? How was this proof of God’s existence seen or displayed? sa pagkatanto sa pamama-gitan ng mga bagay na gina-wa niya

8. maging ang walang hanggan Niyang kapangyarihan at pagka-Dios ay hayag na sa kanila; kaya sila'y wala nang maidadahilan: EXODO 20:2-5 2Ako ang Panginoon mong Dios, na naglabas sa iyo sa lupain ng Egipto, sa bahay ng pagkaalipin. 3Huwag kang magkakaroon ng ibang mga dios sa harap ko. 4Huwag kang gagawa para sa iyo ng larawang inanyuan o ng kawangis man ng anomang anyong nasa itaas sa langit, o ng nasa ibaba sa lupa, o ng nasa tubig sa ilalim ng lupa: 5Huwag mong yuyukuran sila, o paglingkuran man sila; sapagka't akong Panginoon mong Dios, ay Dios na mapanibughuin, na aking dinadalaw ang katampalasanan ng mga magulang sa mga anak, hanggang sa ikatlo at ikaapat na salin ng lahi ng mga napopoot sa akin; God had exhausted all means, by abundance of proofs on nature, and by means of prophets and Scriptures, to put the evidences of His existence on display, yet these unbelievers refused to admit those evidences!

9. Second Indictment: You Are Ungrateful! 1:21 You are inexcusably unthankful, refusing to give due worship to the God who created you!

10. 1:21. Sapagka't kahit kilala nila ang Dios, Siya'y hindi nila niluwalhating tulad sa Dios, ni pinasalamatan; kundi bagkus ay niwalang kabuluhan nila Siya sa kanilang mga pagmamatuwid at ang mangmang nilang puso ay pinapagdilim.

11. Third Indictment: You Are Terribly Insolent! 1:22. You claim to be wise without God, and you have become fools instead!

12. 1:22. Ang mga nangag-mamarunong sa kanila ay naging mga mang-mang,

13. Fourth Indictment: You Are Stupidly Idolatrous! 1:23 You have exchanged the glory of the great God for the inglorious idols you have created, idols who look like you, or like the creatures that fly, or like the creatures that crawl, or like animals with four legs!

14. 1:23. At pinalitan nila ang ka-luwalhatian ng Dios na hindi nasisira, ng isang katulad ng larawan ng taong nasisira, at ng mga ibon, at ng mga ha-yop na may apat na paa, at ng mga nagsisigapang. the greatest honour God did to man was that he made man in his own image! but the greatest dishonour man has done to God is when he makes God in his own image!

15. Fifth Indictment: You Are So Immoral! 1:24-27 Lesbian - a term most widely used to describe sexual and romantic desire between females. Sappho of the island of Lesbos gave the term “lesbian” the connotation of erotic desire between women. You are guilty of lesbianism and homosexuality! Your women desire other women, and your men get burned with affections toward other men! Homosexuality is romantic or sexual attraction or behaviour between mem-bers of the same sex or gender. Sappho, a 1904 painting by John William Godward

16. 1:24. Dahil dito'y sa karumi-han ng mga pita ng kanilang mga puso ay ibinigay sila ng Dios sa kahalayan, upang alisan nila ng puri ang kani-lang mga katawan sa kani-kanilang sarili: God in his anger at their sins gave them up to their shame!

17. 1:25. Sapagka't pinalitan nila ang katotohanan ng Dios ng kasinu-ngalingan, at sila'y nagsisamba at nangaglingkod sa nilalang kay sa Lumalang, na siyang pinupuri magpakailanman man. Siya nawa. The reason God gave them up to their shamelessness and reprobate lives…

18. 1:26. Dahil dito'y ibinigay sila ng Dios sa mga maha-halay na pita: sapagka't pinalitan ng kanilang mga babae ang katutubong kagamitan niyaong nala-laban sa katutubo:

19. 1:27. At gayon din naman ang mga lalaki, na nang iwan na ang katu-tubong kagamitan sa mga babae, ay nangagningas sa kanilang ka-rumihan ng pita ang isa't isa, na gumagawa ng kahalayan ang mga lalaki sa mga kapuwa lalaki, at tumatanggap sa kanilang sarili ng kagantihan ng kanilang pagkakamali.

20. Sixth Indictment: You Are Terribly Incorrigible! 1:28-32. You tried God, and yet after you have found Him to be good, you refused to have anything to do with Him!

21. 1:28. At palibhasa'y hindi nila minagaling na kilalanin ang Dios, ibinigay sila ng Dios sa isang mahalay na pag-iisip, upang gawin yaong mga bagay na hindi nangararapat; In their mental attitude they rejected God, and God reject-ed their mental attitude! Mankind refused to acknowledge God, and God gave them up to a reprobate mind!

22. “MALIGNITY,” MGA KASAMAAN – the act of “misinterpreting the words of others, or putting the worst meaning on their conduct” “WHISPERERS,” MAPAG-UPASALA – “those who secretly and in a sly manner, by hints and by innuendoes, excite suspicion” of those who are subjects of their gossips “FULL ENVY,” KAPANAGHILIAN - “pained by another’s prosperity, accompanied with some degree of hatred, often with a desire to depreciate the person, and with the plea-sure of seeing him depressed” “MURDER” – “taking of a human life with premeditated malice” “DEBATE,” PAGTATALO – “contention, strife, altercation connected with a heated zeal” “DECEIT,” PANDARAYA – “fraud, falsehood” 1:29 Nangapuspus sila ng buong kalikuan, ng kasamaan, ng kasa-kiman, ng kahalayan; puspos ng kapanaghilian, ng pagpatay sa kapuwa tao, ng pagtatalo, ng pagdaraya, ng mga kasamaan; mga mapag-upasala, UNRIGHTEOUSNESS, KALIKUAN – “failure to adhere to moral principles.” WICKEDNESS, KASAMAAN – “wicked conduct; state of being wicked” COVETOUSNESS, KASAKIMAN – “the desire to have more” MALICIOUSNESS, KAHALAYAN – “spitefulness; feeling a need to see others suffer” “Nangapuspos” – “filled to the brim” by the vices above-mentioned!

23. BACKBITERS, MAPANIRANG PURI – “those who calumniate, slander, or speak ill of those who are absent. Whisperers declare secretly, and with great reserve, the supposed faults of others. Backbiters proclaim them publicly and avowedly.” HATERS OF GOD, NAPOPOOT SA DIOS – sinners whose heart rises up against Him, and his Law, and his Scriptures. DESPITEFUL, MANLALAIT - those who abuse, or treat with unkindness or dis-dain, those who are present. Whisperers and backbiters calumniate those who are absent. PROUD, PALALO – “Pride is an inordinate self-esteem; an unreasonable conceit of one’s superiority in talents, beauty, wealth, accomplishments” BOASTERS, MAPAGMAPURI- Those who arrogate to themselves what they do not possess, and glory on it. INVENTORS OF EVIL THINGS, MANGA-NGATHA NG KASAMAAN – “refers to their seeking to find out new arts to practice evil; new devices to gratify their lusts and passions; new forms of luxury, and vice, etc. So intent were they on practicing evil, so resolved to gratify their passions, that the mind was excited to discover new modes of gratification.” DISOBEDIENT TO PARENTS, MASUWA-YIN - This expresses the idea that they did not show to parents that honor, respect, and attention which was due. 1:30. Mga mapanirang puri, mga napopoot sa Dios, mga manlalait, mga palalo, mga mapagmapuri, mga manga-ngatha ng mga kasamaan, mga masuwayin sa mga magulang,

24. IMPLACABLE – “This word properly denotes those who will not reconcile where there is a quarrel; or who pur-sue the offender with unyielding revenge. It denotes an unforgiving temper” (Webster, YLT, KJV, Lexham). UNMERCIFUL, WALANG HABAG - Destitute of compassion. They cast out the sick and the infirm, doomed to depend on the stinted charity of individuals. WITHOUT UNDERSTANDING, HALING – Inconsiderate, or foolish. COVENANT BREAKERS, HINDI TAPAT SA TIPANAN - perfidious; false to their contract. NO NATURAL AFFECTIONS, WALANG KATUTUBONG PAGGILIW – this denotes the parents’ lack of affection toward their children. The attachment of parents to children is one of the strongest in nature. The apostle doubtless refers to the practice so common among pagans of exposing their children, or putting them to death.” 1:31 Mga haling, mga hindi tapat sa tipanan, mga wa-lang katutubong paggiliw, mga walang habag:

25. 1:32. Na, bagama't nalalaman nila ang kautusan ng Dios, na ang mga nagsisigawa ng ga-yong mga bagay ay mga kara-patdapat sa kamatayan, ay hindi lamang gayon ang gina-gawa nila, kundi naman pina-payagan din nila ang mga nagsisigawa ng mga yaon.

26. HOW GOD’S EXISTENCE IS MADE KNOWN TO ALL MANKIND LAW & GOSPEL GOD’S PEOPLE SHEM NATURE REASON, INSTINCT NOAH HAM GOSPEL JAPHETH

27. CONSIDER THESE THOUGHTS • No one today could find any excuse for not knowing God. Any unbelief is a refusal to admit there is a God and finds no excuse. • Those who believe and refuse to thank Him for His goodness are also unexcused!

28. A simple unbelief, if uncured, will lead to sins mounting, one sin on top of other sins, until man has a brimful of it. • Nature will lead you to believe there is a God who designed all this creation; Scriptures will lead you to a more perfect knowledge of His person, and will persuade you not only to believe Him but also to be IN HIM.

29. The end