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Detection of a SNIa progenitor?

This study investigates the detection of a potential progenitor for the Type Ia supernova SN2007on in X-ray observations. The implications for understanding Type Ia supernovae and their importance in cosmology are discussed. The study also examines the upper limits on the progenitor of SN2007sr.

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Detection of a SNIa progenitor?

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  1. Rasmus Voss (MPE)‏ and Gijs Nelemans (Nijmegen)‏ and also Gijs Roelofs (Cfa)‏ Cees Bassa (McGill)‏ Detection of a SNIa progenitor? SN2007on in the X-rays Voss & Nelemans (2008), Nature, 451, 802-804 Roelofs, Bassa, Voss & Nelemans astro-ph/0802.2097 Nelemans, Voss, Roelofs & Bassa astro-ph/0802.2239

  2. Outline • Original idea (should be something) • SN2007on (there is something) • Follow-up (but is it real?) • SN2007sr (for this one there is nothing)

  3. Progenitors of type Ia SNae Why? • We want to understand supernovae • Type Ia supernovae are important for cosmology • Type Ia supernovae produce the majority of iron

  4. Progenitors of type Ia SNae Exploding white dwarfs Single degenerate: Double degenerate: Accretion onto a WD by a non-degenerate star causes it to exceed the Chandrasekhar mass Two WDs with a combined mass above the Chandrasekhar mass merge

  5. Progenitors of type Ia SNae Exploding white dwarfs Single degenerate: Double degenerate: Accretion onto a WD by a non-degenerate star causes it to exceed the Chandrasekhar mass Two WDs with a combined mass above the Chandrasekhar mass merge Della Valle & Livio (1994)‏ Scannapieco & Bildsten (2005)‏ Manucci et al. (2006)‏ Sullivan et al. (2006)‏ Maybe both works

  6. Progenitors of type Ia SNae Previous work Optical upper limits -5.5 in the V-band Maoz & Manucci (2008)‏ Hydrogen and helium in the spectrum Mass loss rate of progenitor below ~10-5Msol/year Mattila et al. (2005)‏ Surviving star G star at Tychos supernova Ruiz-Lapuente et al. (2004)‏ Progenitor wind with V~50 km/s Variable absorption lines Patat et al. (2007)‏

  7. Progenitors of type Ia SNae Exploding white dwarfs Single degenerate: Double degenerate: Accretion onto a WD by a non-degenerate star causes it to exceed the Chandrasekhar mass Two WDs with a combined mass above the Chandrasekhar mass merge

  8. Progenitors of type Ia SNae Exploding white dwarfs Single degenerate: Double degenerate: Accretion onto a WD by a non-degenerate star causes it to exceed the Chandrasekhar mass The burning of the accreted matter on the surface of the WD causes strong X-ray emission! Two WDs with a combined mass above the Chandrasekhar mass merge No exchange of material before they touch, and therefore no X-rays (although models with the creation of an accretion disk exist)‏

  9. Archival data Feasibility • 2006mr • 2004W • 2002cv NGC 1316 NGC 4649 NGC 3190 18.1 Mpc 15.9 Mpc 22.4 Mpc <2.2 1038 erg/s <5.9 1037 erg/s <1.3 1038 erg/s

  10. SN2007on November 5, 2007 NGC 1404 20 Mpc

  11. SN2007on Chandra ACIS 75 ks 21 counts within 2” Background expectation 6.9

  12. SN2007on Chandra ACIS 75 ks Hardness: S 0.3-1.0 keV M 1.0-2.0 keV H 2.0-8.0 keV

  13. SN2007on follow-up Chandra ACIS-S 40 ks 2-4 counts within 1” Background expectation 1.4

  14. SN2007on follow-up Chandra ACIS-S 40 ks 2-4 counts within 1” Background expectation 1.4 Might be a source 50-95% Luminosity decreased with 90-95% probability

  15. SN2007on follow-up Optical offset 1.18” Probability of 1-5%

  16. SN2007on progenitor Forandagainst Chance coincidence probability 0.3% (but 4 trials)‏ Probability of off-set 1-5% Softness Less than 10% Might actually be a source afterwards 50-95% Upper limits on source shows that it has weakened with 90-95% probability Don't make up your mind yet Wait for more Chandra data!

  17. SN2007sr December 7, 2007 Antennae 13-20 Mpc Saviane et al. (2008)‏ H0=75 km/s/Mpc Chandra ACIS 450 ks

  18. SN2007sr December 7, 2007 Antennae 13-20 Mpc Saviane et al. (2008)‏ H0=75 km/s/Mpc Chandra ACIS 450 ks (But off-axis)‏ But sub-luminous? (25 Mpc)‏ Bloom et al. (2007)‏ Pojmanski et al. (2008)‏

  19. SN2007sr Supersoft sources in M31 Di Stefano et al. (2004)‏ In M101, M51, M83 & NGC 4967 Di Stefano & Kong (2004)‏ Galactic, LMC & SMC supersoft sources Greiner (2000)‏

  20. Conclusions Detection of a bright X-ray progenitor of SN2007on? Interesting upper limits on the progenitor of SN2007sr

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