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upsc geography

detailed syllabus for geography prelims and mains for UPSC and other cmetative exams.

shrikantgenx
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upsc geography

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  1. Geography Lecture 1 Introduction to geographyby Shrikant sir.

  2. UPSC Civil services: Prelims Geography • Indian and World Geography-Physical, Social, Economic Geography of India and the World. • Current events of national and international importance • General issues on Environmental Ecology, Biodiversity and Climate Change – that do not require subject specialisation.

  3. UPSC Civil services: Mains geography • Salient features of world's physical geography. • Distribution of key natural resources across the world (including South Asia and the Indian sub-continent); factors responsible for the location of primary, secondary, and tertiary sector industries in various parts of the world (including India) • Important Geophysical phenomena such as earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, cyclone etc., geographical features and their location- changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes • Environment: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.

  4. MPSC State services: Prelims Geography - Maharashtra, India and world geography – Physical, Social, Economic geography of Maharashtra, India and the World. • General issues on Environmental Ecology, Biodiversity and Climate Change - that do not require subject specialisation

  5. MPSC state services: Mains Geography • - GEOGRAPHY– WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MAHARASHTRA:1) Geomorphology: - Interior of the earth- composition and physical conditions. - Factor’s controlling landform development. Concept of geomorphic cycles- landforms associated with fluvial, arid, glacial, and coastal cycle. - Evolution and Geomorphology of the Indian Subcontinent- Major physiographic regions- Problems of floods - Physiographic details of Maharashtra. - Geomorphic features of Maharashtra.- India's strategic location with reference to her neighbours, Indian Ocean Rim, Asia and the World.

  6. MPSC state services: Mains Geography • Economic Geography of Maharashtra: - Minerals and Energy Resources: Their distribution, importance and development in Maharashtra. - Tourism in Maharashtra – Religious Tourism, Medicinal Tourism, Ecotourism and Cultural Heritage.- Reserved forests, Animal sanctuaries, National Parks and Forts in Maharashtra, Tiger Project

  7. MPSC state services: Mains Geography • Human and Social Geography of Maharashtra: - Migration of population, causes and effects, sugarcane cutting labourers - effects of migration on source and destination areas.- Rural settlements in Maharashtra. - Problems of Urban and Rural Settlements – Environmental, Housing, Slum, Water Supply and Sanitation, Urban Traffic and Pollution

  8. MPSC state services: Mains Geography • Environmental Geography: - Ecology and Ecosystem- energy flow, material cycle, food chain and webs. - Environmental degradation and conservation- Global ecological imbalances- pollution and Greenhouse effect,- role of CO2 and methane in greenhouse effect, global warming, - reduction in bio-diversity and depletion of forests. - Environmental laws and environmental impact assessment.- Kyoto protocol and Carbon credits. - Urban waste management. - CRZ I and CRZ II.

  9. MPSC state services: Mains Geography • Population Geography (with reference to Maharashtra): - Causes and consequences of migration. - Rural and Urban settlements- site, situation, types, size, spacing and morphology. - Urbanisation- process and problems. - Rural – Urban Fringe, and sphere of urban influence. - Regional imbalances. - Remote Sensing: Concept of remote sensing. Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites. Imageries- IRS products, MSS bands- blue, green, red and near infra red, False Colour Composite (FCC). - Application of remote sensing in natural resources. Introduction to Geographical Information System (GIS) and Global Positioning System (GPS).

  10. MPSC state services: Mains Geography • GEOGRAPHY AND AGRICULTURE:- Agro ecology: Agro ecology and its relevance to man, natural resources, their sustainable management and conservation. - Physical and social environment as factors of crop distribution and production. Climatic elements as factors of crop growth.- Environmental pollution and associated hazards to crops, animals and humans.

  11. MPSC state services: Mains Geography • Climatology- Atmosphere- composition and structure. - Solar radiation and heat balance. - Weather elements temperature, pressure, planetary and local winds, monsoon, air masses and fronts and cyclones. - Mechanism of Indian monsoon, monsoon forecast, distribution of rainfall, cyclones, droughts and floods, and climatic regions.- Distribution-n of Rainfall in Maharashtra - spatial and temporal variability -- Agro climatic zones of Maharashtra - Problem of Drought and scarcity, DPAP (Draught Prone Area Programme)

  12. MPSC state services: Mains Geography • Soils: • - Soil-physical, chemical and biological properties. - Processes and factors of soil formation.- Mineral and organic constituents of soil and their role in maintaining soil productivity.- Essential plant nutrients and other beneficial elements in soils and plants- Problem soils and their reclamation methods.- Problems of soil erosion and degradation in Maharashtra.- Soil conservation planning on watershed basis.- Erosion and runoff management in hilly, foot hills and valley lands; processes and factors affecting them.

  13. MPSC state services: Mains Geography • Water management:- Present scenario- Methods and importance of water conservation.- Water quality standards.- Interlinking of rivers in India. - Conventional and non-conventional methods of rainwater harvesting.- Groundwater management- technical and social aspects, Methods of artificial groundwater recharge.- Concept of watershed and watershed management. - Dry land agriculture and its problems. - Water use efficiency in relation to crop production- Ways and means of reducing run-off losses of irrigation water. Drip and sprinkler irrigation. - Drainage of water-logged soils, effect of industrial effluents on soil and water.

  14. MPSC state services: Mains Geography • Water requirement in Agricultural, Industrial and Domestic Sectors.- Problem of Drinking Water.- Cropping pattern in different agro-climatic zones of Maharashtra. - Impact of high-yielding and short-duration varieties on shifts in cropping pattern.- Concepts of multiple cropping, and inter-cropping and their importance.- Modern concepts of organic farming, sustainable agriculture.

  15. Geography Must Read • NCERT : 6th std to 12th std. • Oxford Atlas for maps • Geography through Maps • Reference books: - Physical, Human and Economic Geography for Civil Services Examination by D R Khuller.-  World Geography by MajidHusain- Geography through Maps by K Siddhartha

  16. MPSC Geography Must Read • NCERT: 6th std to 12th stdState Board books: 4th to 10th • Savdi OR Certificate of Physical geography - G.C.leong . • Newspaper

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