1 / 37

Jens Blauert , Bochum

Binaural Hearing and Human Sound Localization. Jens Blauert , Bochum. ακούειν (akú ı n) to hear Acoustics. Physics Psychophysics “sounds” “sensations”. Psychophysics “sensations ”. Physics “sounds ”. acoustic event auditory event.

shubha
Download Presentation

Jens Blauert , Bochum

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Binaural Hearing and Human Sound Localization Jens Blauert, Bochum

  2. ακούειν (akúın)to hearAcoustics Physics Psychophysics “sounds” “sensations” Psychophysics “sensations” Physics “sounds” acoustic event auditory event

  3. Head-Related Coordinate System

  4. Some Key Words

  5. Effect of Head Movement

  6. Binaural Hearing and Human Sound Localization - Introductory remarks - Directional hearing in the median sagittal plane - Directional hearing with sounds from lateral directions - Distance perception and inside-the-head locatedness - Summing localization - Auditory precedence and the echo threshold - The effect of interaural decorrelation - Binaural signal detection - Suppression of reverberance and coloration - Summary

  7. Directional Hearing in the Median Sagittal Plane Directional hearing in the median sagittal plane

  8. directional bands boosted bands 1/3 oct noise Directional Hearing in the Median Plane

  9. Directional Hearing with Sounds from Lateral Directions

  10. ear axis Lateralization

  11. attenuators delay lines Generation of ITDs and ILDs

  12. Lateralization Blur for ILDs

  13. Lateralization Due to ILDs

  14. Lateralization Blur for ITDs

  15. right ear left ear ITD-Lateralization Cues

  16. Lateralization due to ITDs (broad-band signals)

  17. Distance Perception Inside-the-Head Locatedness

  18. Summing Localization Auditory Precedence Echoes

  19. Standard Stereo-Listening Arrangement

  20. Summing Localization for Broad-Band Sounds

  21. Ear Signals for Impulsive Sounds in Stereo

  22. Summing Localization with Sideways Loudspeakers after Plenge & Theile

  23. primary auditory event broad- band sounds echo Auditory Effects with Two Coherent Sound Sources Summing localization Precedence Effect Echo Threshold

  24. signal: running speech of 50 syllables/s delay of the reflection Precedence Effect, Haas Effect and Backward Inhibition

  25. The Effect of Interaural Decorrelation

  26. Some Further Key Words

  27. 3 independent noise generators Controlling the Degree of Coherence

  28. Spatial Extent of the Auditory Event as a Function of Interaural Correlation after Dubrovski & Cherniak, 1966

  29. The Perceptive Phenomena of „Auditory Spaciousness“ Pioneer researches e.g., Kuhl, West, Marshall, Barron, Schroeder, Morimoto

  30. Binaural Signal Detection Suppression of Reverberance and Coloration

  31. The Binaural Intellegibility–Level Difference, BILD Cherry’s Experiment

  32. degree of AM, m reverberant chamber reverb threshold of perceptibility anechoic Binaural Suppression of Reverberance Danilenko’s Experiment

  33. Advantages of Binaural Hearing higher localization accuracy, lower blur better source segregation (transparency) suppression of undesired signals (cocktail-party effect) suppression of coloration and reverberance (better articulation) >> clearer auditory perspective<< better sense of envelopment higher auditory source width (auditory spaciousness) >> better spatial impression<< Higher Quality of the „Acoustics“!

  34. Thank You for YourAttention jens.blauert@rub.de www.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/ika

  35. More details regarding the topic of this lecture can be found in Jens Blauert (1997) Spatial Hearing: The Psychophysics of Human Sound Localization published by The MIT Press, Harvard MA, ISBN 0-262-02413-6

  36. TASK A • Young men and women (about 30 years old) have applied • to be admitted to a school for airline pilots. • For being accepted, they must have very good spatial-hearing capabilities. • This is necessary, among other reasons, because they have to • respond correctly tosignals from auditory displays in the cockpit. • Outline a battery of perceptual tests which could be used to • evaluate thesecapabilities. • (a) What would you measure? • (b) Which methods would you apply? • (c) What equipment would you need?

  37. TASK B The binaural-hearing capabilities of elderly people (over 65 years) are to be evaluated by means of routine screening tests. The goal is to assess their abilities to localize sounds in space and to communicate under acoustically adverse conditions. The information is needed , among other reasons, to decide if hearings aids should be applied to them – and, if yes, which kind of these? Outline a battery of perceptual tests that could be used to evaluate these capabilities. (a) What would you measure? (b) Which methods would you apply? (c) What equipment would you need?

More Related