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Introduction to Old and Middle English: Part II

Introduction to Old and Middle English: Part II. Chaucer‘s time and life April 21, 2006 Andreas H. Jucker. Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales. Geoffrey Chaucer. Early 1340s: Chaucer born 1348/49: Black death 1359: Soldier in the king’s army 1372/73: First journey to Italy

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Introduction to Old and Middle English: Part II

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  1. Introduction to Old and Middle English: Part II Chaucer‘s timeand life April 21, 2006 Andreas H. Jucker

  2. Geoffrey Chaucer’sCanterbury Tales

  3. Geoffrey Chaucer • Early 1340s: Chaucer born • 1348/49: Black death • 1359: Soldier in the king’s army • 1372/73: First journey to Italy • 1374: Controller of customs • 1378: Second journey to Italy • 1385: Justice of Peace in Kent • 1389-91: Clerk of the king’s word • 1391: Deputy forester in Somerset • 1400: Chaucer dies

  4. Chaucer’s London Pearsall, Derek. 1992. The Life of Geoffrey Chaucer. Oxford: Blackwell, p. 20.

  5. Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales • The manuscript • Genre of the Tales: Collection of stories • The General Prologue • Genre of the General Prologue: Estates satire • Those who fight (e.g. the knight) • Those who pray (e.g. the parson) • Those who labour (e.g. the ploughman)

  6. Social hierarchy ofChaucer’s England Source: Jeffrey L. Singman and Will McLean. 1995. Daily Life in Chaucer’s England. Westport: Greenwood, 23.

  7. The Ellesmere Chaucer

  8. The Knight The Friar The Prioress Chaucer’s Canterbury pilgrims

  9. The Wife of Bath The Parson Chaucer’s Canterbury pilgrims

  10. Reassertion of English • c. 1250 first treatise on teaching French as a foreign language to children • 1258 King Henry III issues first proclamation since the Norman Conquest in English • 1337-1453 Hundred Years’ War: animosity towards everything French • 1348-1350 Black Death • 1362 Parliament opened for the first time in English • 1381 Peasants’ Revolt • 1340?-1400 The life of Geoffrey Chaucer

  11. Towards an English standard • 1423 The records of parliament in English • c.1430 Town and Guild documents in English • 1476 William Caxton’s printing press in Westminster • 1499 Publication of English-Latin word list

  12. Middle English Dialects Northern West Midland East Midland South West South East Source: Burnley 1983: xvi

  13. Standardisation:The rise of East Midland • Time: end of 14th century and 15th century • Intermediate position between North and South • Large, populous and prosperous area • (Oxford), Cambridge • London (political and cultural centre) • Chancery clerks • Caxton‘s printing press (1476)

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