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Letters and Sounds A Brief History of Writing. Sam Foss and Katie Kupferschmidt . There can be no doubt that writing grew out of drawing . Ideographic or Logographic Writing.
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Letters and SoundsA Brief History of Writing Sam Foss and Katie Kupferschmidt
Ideographic or Logographic Writing When symbols come to stand for ideas corresponding to individual words and each word is represented by a separate symbol
Tie Coon Tycoon
Yod>> iota (i) The Consanant he >> epsilon (E) Gimel>>gamma Daleth>>delta Adding Vowels
Romans adopt Greek Alpha Bet • Changed the forms of some letters: • Curved gamma (C), delta (D), and pi (P) • Some letters maintained their form: • Epsilon (E) • H • Addition of the letter G
Form changes over time… a Ox >>>>> Aleph >>>>> Alpha >>>> Modern A
Digraphs • Pairs of letters to represent single sounds, or even longer sequences like the German trigraph sch sh, ch, th
THE (Brief) HISTORY OF ENGLISH WRITING • When the English came to Britain runic writing was a highly specialized craft • Christianity • Introduction of Norman-French customs
THE (Brief) HISTORY OF ENGLISH WRITING Cont… Gradually the letters of the alphabet assumed their present number.
My how times change… Or not? white alphabet a-z graffiti source: puregraffiti Vs. Ancient Semetic
English Consonant Sounds The Stops: Bib, ruby, ebb, rabble, bride, naked, pick, Bacon, trek The Fricative: Raffle, off, phantom, Bathe, thin, fizzle, vise The Affricates: Major, surgeon, budget, Educate, spinach, church The Nasals: Mum, summer, time, Honor, inn, finger The Liquids: Lapel, felon, hole, rear, Baron, err, bare The Semivowels: Won, which, yet, chignon
English Vowel Sounds Front Vowels: Evil, cede, been, ape, Basin, gray, bet, threat, Central Vowels: But, calm, aunt, solder Back Vowels: Ooze, too, rude, roof, Good, road, toe, owe, All, law, talk, Diphthongs: Ride, my, style, dye, Eye, aisle, oil, boy Vowels before [r]: Mere, bare, urge, art, Poor, oar, fire Unstressed vowels: Coffee, taxi, bucket, melon, Window, remedy, butter,
Spelling Pronunciations • Example: The t of often has come to be pronounced once again. Popular misunderstanding that many people suppose that the ‘best’ speech is that which conforms most closely to the writing system.
Pronunciation Spellings When a word’s spelling Is changed to agree With its pronunciation. • Examples: Perculate for percolate Momentofor memento Spicketfor spigot