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Delve into the intriguing topic of gender differences between boys and girls, and discover the unique likes and dislikes that shape their behavior and interests. Explore the myths and facts surrounding gender disparities and gain a deeper understanding of the subject.
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Unit 10 Gender Differences
Main Points Ⅰ. Leading In Ⅱ. Text A Ⅲ. Text B ● Vocabulary Practice Ⅳ. Practical Writing
Leading In Who do you think are smarter—boys or girls? Who should do the cooking? Who should drive the truck? And why do you believe these things? When it comes to boys and girls, there are just so many questions about why we do the things we do !Maybe if we start form the beginning, when we’re born, we can try and solve this mystery once and for all!
It is quite clear that girls and boys have different likes and dislikes. For example, little girls like playing with dolls and helping their mothers do housework while little boys like playing with toy cars and enjoy playing ball games. Have you ever noticed these differences?
Read the charts on Page165 of Text Book and discuss them with your partner and then check the choices in the appropriate blanks. When you finish the checking, you’ll probably know more about the differences between boys and girls.
Let’s look at the pictures below and find out the differences and similarities between boys and girls
-“What’s wrong with him?” -”I don’t know!”
-”Am I strong enough?” -”Oh, …Cool!”
“-La, la, la … I am handsome!” “-La, la, la … we are beautiful & charming!”
Extra Information: Gender Differences
To begin our study, take this quiz. How do you feel about the differences between men and women? Answer True or False to the following questions:
l. Females have fewer genetic defects and have greater endurance than men. 2. The front part of the brain is more developed in males than in females. 3. Males have a natural ability to handle mathematics better than females. 4. Males are more oriented toward achievement than females. 5. Women seem to have a special, natural ability to take care of children--some might call it a “maternal instinct”. 6. Only females experience monthly hormonal changes. 7. When it comes to choosing a mate, men and women look for the same characteristics. 8. If parents are extremely strict, the children will tend to develop more masculine traits.
Male and Female myths* • Myth: Men have bigger brains and, thus, are smarter than females • fact: women’s heads are generally smaller than males, however, brain size is not related to intelligence. • Myth: Males’ frontal lobe is better developed than females’ so males must be smarter. • fact: there is no difference in the development of male vs. female frontal lobes.
Myth: Male hormones keep men’s minds cool and “dry”, thus they have a clever “dry” wit. • fact: male hormones have no effect on the "temperature" of their minds. • Myth: Females should not be educated because it drains them of vital (reproductive?) fluids. • fact: there is no connection between sex hormones and fluid levels of the brain.
'The following program may contain scenes of a sexual nature.'
------TRUE OR FALSE------------ • males are aggressive • females are nervous and timid • achievement is typically a male goal • females tend to fear success and view a focus on career as being unfeminine • males tend to be more likely to explore novel environments • women talk more than men • women touch each other when talking more than men • men reveal more about themselves in conversation than women • men are superficial and focus on a woman’s looks • women are materialistic and interested only in a man’s income. • women have a natural ability to take care of children • “maternal” behavior is a matter of convenience
Text A Why do Girls and Boys Learn Differently?
Ⅰ.Pre-reading Activities Please look at the picture below carefully and point out the differences between the boy and the girl. (This photo is taken outside a science museum)
Ⅱ.While Reading Activities (Ⅰ) Read the text through, try to answer the questions on page 170.
(Ⅱ) Language Points 1. do well/badly: advance or perform successfully or unsuccessfully • I hope you’ll do better in the future. • The company always does badly at this time of year. 2. on (the) one hand…and on the other (hand): (used for comparing different things or ideas) in one case…and in another case • On the one hand, the income tax increases, but on the other, the salary remains the same. • I know this job isn’t well paid. But on the other hand, I don’t have to work long hours. 3. by the time: when; not later than • By the time she came, the class was over. • By the time he got there, she had already left.
4. force: n. 1) [U] natural or physical power • A policeman must carefully weigh the force of each word that he uses. • The force of the explosion broke all the windows in the building. 2) [U] fierce or violent use of strength • If you threaten me or use any force, I’ll call the police. • In the movie, we can see that the men in black protect the earth by force. v. make (an unwilling person or animal) do something; drive • He forced me to do it. • You can give me some advice but you can’t force me to do anything.
5. assume: vt. 1) believe something to be true without actually having proof that it is; suppose • Assuming it rains tomorrow, what shall we do? 2) Take or claim for oneself; begin to have or use • You will assume your new duties tomorrow. 6. perform: vt. 1) do; carry out (a piece of work, duty, ceremony, etc.), especially according to a usual or established method • The doctor performed the operation successfully. 2) Give, act, or show (a play, a part in a play, a piece of music, tricks, etc.), especially in the presence of the public • What play will be performed tonight?
7. require: v. 1) (rather formal) need or make necessary • Even great musicians require continuous practice. 2) demand by right; give an order (for of to), with the expectation that it will be obeyed • He requires that they should work all night. 8. limit: v. keep within a certain size, amount, number, area, or place; restrict • I must limit my spending. n. [C] the greatest or smallest amount or number that is fixed as being correct, necessary, etc. • We have to finish the task within the time limit.
be limited to: be restricted to • Every speech should be limited to 10 minutes. • Her traveling has been limited to a few French resorts. 9. fear: n. [C; U] an unpleasant an usually strong feeling caused by the presence or expectation of danger • The boys and girls helped put out the fire without fear. v. be afraid of • At the time, women feared go9ing out at night. for fear of sth./doing sth.; for fear that…: in case; to avoid the danger of something happening; lest • Shout the window for fear of rain. • We spoke in whispers of fear of waking the baby. • Or: We spoke in whispers for fear that we might wake the baby.
10. room: n. 1) [U] the chance to do something • Children need to have room to develop their natural creativity. 2) [U] space that could be filled, or that is enough for the stated purpose • There is plenty of room for improvement in his work.
Ⅲ.After-reading Activities (Homework) 1. Write a short composition comparing boys and girls. And, to be aware, in your compositions, of both differences and similarities between boys and girls. 2. Please read Text B after class and prepare more information about gender differences in communication.
Text B Different Ways of Talking
Language Points: 1. pregnant: adj. (of a woman or female animal) having an unborn child or unborn young in the body • The center gives advice and care to pregnant women. • She has been pregnant for 5 months. 2. jump rope: (skip rope, BrE) jump over a rope repeatedly as a game or exercise • Jumping rope is a favorite game for girls, while playing football attracts most of the boys. • The little girls are jumping rope cheerfully.
3. reflect: vt. 1) make clear; be a sign of; show • His behavior reflects his lazy attitude to work. 2) Throw back (heat, light, sound, etc.) • The willow trees are reflected in the lake. • The mirror reflected his angry face. 4. compete: v. try to win something in competition with someone else compete with… for…: try to be better or more successful than someone else to gain something • He is good enough to compete with professional players for the medal. • Mike’s company is competing with mine for the market share.
5. thus: adv. 1) (formal) with this result, hence • This device can filter water, thus making water purer and fit for drinking. 2) (formal) in this manner; in the way stated • Please lend me your bike. Thus, I can get there in time. 6. command: n. 1) [C; U] an order; control • You must fire on my command. 2) (singular) the ability to control and use • He has a good command of the French language. v. formally order, or be in a position of control (over), especially as a military leader • The officer commanded his men to shoot.
7. depend on: be supported by, especially with money • Mary did not want to depend totally on her parents for tuition. • In a sense what job you will get depends on what education you have. 8. share: v. 1) have, use, pay, or take part in (something) with others or among a group • Mary shared a room with 2) divide and give out in shares • His property was shared between his children. n. (singular) the part belonging to, owed to, or done by a particular person • Let me pay a share of the taxi fare with you.
9. prove: v. 1) show to be true by means of facts, information, etc. • There is not any solid proof that can prove the defendant guilty. 2) (linking verb) show (oneself or itself) afterwards to be • He helped me out and proved to be my best friend. 10. concern: vt. 1) worry or interest (especially oneself) • There’s no need to concern you with this mater; we are dealing with it. 2) Be about • Almost all of his novels concern country life. n. [C;U] worry; anxiety • Protection of the environment has become a major concern of society.
be concerned with: 1) be interested in; give attention to • I’m not concerned with the program at all. 2) be about; cover • This novel is concerned with a Chinese family in the 19th century. 11. taste: n. 1) [C; U] a personal liking for something • His taste in films is not very dependable. 2) (singular) the sensation that is produced by a food or a drink when you put it in your mouth • This cake has very little taste. vt. Test the taste of (food or drink) by taking a little into your mouth • I always taste food before adding salt.
12. stage: n. 1) [C] a time or state that something reaches as it grows or develops • The company is at the stage of development. 2) [C] the raised floor in a theatre on which plays are performed; (usually the stage) plays as a form of entertainment • To everyone’s amusement, the actor fell off the stage. 13. communicate with…: share or exchange feelings, information, etc. with • His is a shy boy who can’t communicate with others very well. • To communicate with native speakers is often a good way to learn a foreign language well.
Ex. Ⅰ Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word given. 1. These (find) _____ suggest that there is a link between lung cancer and smoking. 2. Usually, too, baby girls talk at an (early) ____ age than boys do. 3. I felt (physical) _____ sic before the exam. 4. He made a (force) _____ speech at the meeting. 5. Two (independence) _____ research bodies reached the same conclusions. 6. Please don’t talk during the (perform) _____. 7. She was among the (leader) _____ of the race from the start. 8. Who will take over the (leader) of the club? 9. We were ______ (disappoint) when we heard that you couldn’t come. 10. Mother will need (addition) ____ help while there are so many guests.
Ex. 2 Choose the best item to complete each of the following sentences. 1. Students are expected to ____ their classes regularly. A. present B. attend C. go D. follow 2. I told my class that we should have an open _____ with the matter. A. mind B. brain C. thought D. look 3. They were both ______ in the South. A. risen B. grown C. raised D. brought 4. They believe that nerves in the left side of the brain _____ faster in girls than in boys. A. depend B. become C. raise D. develop 5. They drove at a(n) ____ speed of 100 miles per hour. A. common B. average C. forceful D. special
6. Going away to college has made me much more ____. A. significant B. constant C. independent D. normal 7. The situation _____ that he should be present at the meeting. A. required B. directed C. limited D. commanded 8. Being tall gave him a(n) ______ over the other players. A. force B. ability C. solution D. advantage 9. It is essential that Jones ______ prepared for emergency. A. is B. is being C. was D. be 10. What he advises me to do is _____ I must keep on a diet. A. that B. why C. what D. how
Understanding & Writing Signs It is very important and necessary for us to learn and understand the signs that are usually used in public places. Let’s look at the following points about signs.
