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Pioneers of Surgery: A Brutal Craft (Part I)

Pioneers of Surgery: A Brutal Craft (Part I). Key Notes. Important People to Note from Video. Pare (French surgeon used boiling oil on amputated limbs) McDowell (1809-removed a 15 lb tumor on a women’s ovary w/no anaesthesia)

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Pioneers of Surgery: A Brutal Craft (Part I)

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  1. Pioneers of Surgery: A Brutal Craft(Part I) Key Notes

  2. Important People to Note from Video • Pare (French surgeon used boiling oil on amputated limbs) • McDowell (1809-removed a 15 lb tumor on a women’s ovary w/no anaesthesia) • Humphrey Davy (nitrous oxide) called in “Laughing gas” • Morton (used ether & discovered how it eliminated pain) • Warren (1846-removed a cyst in the neck using ether) • Liston (hold the leg with one hand & amputate with the other) • Simpson (used chloroform for simple surgeries) • Scion (took advantage of ether & the longer time to operate) • Lister(1865-child’s broken leg, applied phenol, saved the leg) • Pasteur (sugg. use of carbolic on infected wounds) • Halsted(Sprayed carbolic while operating, began to use gloves) • Koch (bacteria from surgeon’s hands was transferred to patients and began the process of antisepsis -sugg. boiling instruments. • Lower (1600’s - 1st blood transfusion with lamb • Landsteiner (sep. blood groups-more successful transfusions) • Cushing (Brain tumors, electro-cautery, no talking)

  3. Important People to Note from Video • Three Barriers: • Pain (anaesthetic agents) • Blood loss - Shock (sawdust, hot irons, clamps ) • Infection (lognum, carbolic acid, phenol, boiling, autoclave, antibacterial gases, and soaking in chemicals) • Anaesthesia: (alcohol, hypnotism, Knock-out punch) • Ether • Chloroform • Nitrous Oxide • Other Notes: • Quickest was best (amputation record: 28 sec.)- Liston • Antisepsis (use of phenol, carbolic acid) • Asepsis (*setting up a sterile field) • 1st blood transfusion: with an animal (lamb) – Lower (1600) • 1st human blood transfusion (1818) • Shock (Stonewall Jackson’s symptoms: pale, gasping for air, etc. • Sodium citrate was used to prevent blood from clotting (transport) • Stalin (Russia) used corpses for blood transfusion

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