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Early River Civilizations

Early River Civilizations. Global Regents Review #1. : Firsthand knowledge of a situation or event, usually in the form of a diary, photograph, movie clip, tax records, etc . : Someone else’s interpretation of a situation or event. These are often textbooks, encyclopedias, etc .

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Early River Civilizations

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  1. Early River Civilizations Global Regents Review #1

  2. : Firsthand knowledge of a situation or event, usually in the form of a diary, photograph, movie clip, tax records, etc. • : Someone else’s interpretation of a situation or event. These are often textbooks, encyclopedias, etc. • : Study of the past using artifacts. Louis and Mary Leaky are two important figures here, as they discovered the first humans in the horn of Africa. Primary Resource Secondary Resource Archaeology

  3. Neolithic Agricultural Revolution • : The first major turning point in the history of the world. Here, mankind learned to farm and domesticate animals. When people farmed, they began staying in one place, leading to the establishment of permanent settlements. These permanent settlements led to the development of _____________________. In these cities, people began to practice _____________________________, where different people did different jobs. Also as a result of mankind learning to farm, the ____________________increased. Due to this, cities began to form. These cities needed law and order, hence the development of _________________________________. Cities Job Specialization Population Government

  4. :Roughly 1500 years ago, groups moved southward in Africa. Along the way, they spread their language and culture. This became the basis for most of the languages in Africa today. • : the exchange of ideas between culture through trade, warfare, or migration. Good examples of this are Hellenistic Culture and the Crusades. • : the belief in one God • : the belief in many different gods Bantu Migrations Cultural Diffusion Monotheism Polytheism

  5. : the major belief system of India. It is polytheistic, and closely linked with the in India, as whatever caste someone is born into, is the caste they are for life. This determines their duties and jobs, and their religious obligations for their entire lifetime. It also helps to determine how close one is to , the Hindu version of heaven. • : ones religious and moral duties under the Hindu faith. This will vary depending on your caste in society. • : the Hindu concept of fate. Essentially, how you behave in your current life will have an impact on your next life. Hinduism Caste System Moksha Dharma Karma

  6. Buddhism • : grew out of the beliefs of Hinduism. Founded by a man named (also known as The Buddha), Buddhism focused on overcoming personal desires to reach peace in ones life. Many forms of this exist in today’s world, especially in the Far East. Their idea of eternal peace is . One reaches this by coming to terms with the , and then following the __________________________. Siddhartha Guatama Nirvana Four Noble Truths Eightfold Path

  7. Judaism • : the world’s first monotheistic religion. It is the basis for Christianity and Islam. Christianity and Judaism share a special tie, as both believe in the same code of law (__________________________________) and an all knowing and all powerful single God. People who follow Judaism are called ____________. This group has been persecuted throughout history, culminating in the Holocaust of 1942-1945. • : the belief system of Ancient China. It was created by Confucius, a teacher around 500 BC. The focal point of this system involved two key ideas: , having respect for your parents and other elders; and that a leader needs to . This was the basis for Chinese culture for most of its existence, as it provided to the Chinese. 10 Commandments Jews Confucianism Filial Piety Lead by example Social Order

  8. Mesopotamia • Geography: • Government: • Religion: • Key Contributions: Falls in between Tigris and Euphrates Rivers; the Fertile Crescent Many small city-states, ruled by usually the richest person. Mesopotamia is NOT unified under one ruler. Polytheistic Beliefs. They worshipped in Ziggurats. Religion was used to explain natural phenomenon Hammurabi’s Code of Law

  9. Egypt • Geography: • Government: • Religion: • Key Contributions: Nile River Valley; Sahara Desert Unified under one leader, the Pharaoh. Closely linked with their religious beliefs Polytheistic. Main god was Sun God; but common people worshipped gods of Nile River. Pharaoh was brother of Sun God Hieroglyphics, Pyramids, Sphinx

  10. India • Geography: • Government: • Religion: • Key Contributions: Indus and Brahmaputra Rivers, Himilaya Mountains Organized Cities, but not unified Hinduism is main, but also Islam is followed in later years Simple math; the cities of Mohenjo-Daro and Harrappa

  11. China • Geography: • Government: • Religion: • Key Contributions: Centered around Huang He (Yellow River) HimilayaMts and Gobi desert help isolate nation Unified under Emperor, used Mandate of Heaven to justify rule Polytheistic; important to use Oracle Bones to communicate with the gods Gunpowder, roads and canals, coined money, the Oracle bones

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