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Hazards and Disasters

Hazards and Disasters. “That Effect Sanitation Districts”. Khai Luu EMER 542 California State University – Long Beach. Public Version. Sanitation Districts. Mission Statement : The Sanitation Districts protect public health and the environment

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Hazards and Disasters

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  1. Hazards and Disasters “That Effect Sanitation Districts” Khai Luu EMER 542 California State University – Long Beach

  2. Public Version Sanitation Districts Mission Statement: The Sanitation Districts protect public health and the environment through innovative and cost-effective wastewater and solid waste management, and in doing so convert waste into resources such as reclaimed water, energy, and recycled materials.

  3. Public Version Area of Operation 7 Landfills 11 WRPs 54 Pumping Plants 4 Recycle Centers 1,400 miles of Trunk Sewer Pipe 5 Trash to Energy

  4. Public Version Hazards Definition: something that is potentially dangerous or harmful, often the root cause of an unwanted outcome (NIMS, 1990) climate change, fog, hurricane, snow, temperature extreme, thunderstorm, tornado, wind, wild land fire, drought, flood, ice storm, slope failures, tsunami, volcano, earthquake financial, crime, arson, civil disorder, terrorism, industrial, structural, hazardous materials, vehicular, aviation, railroad, war overhead utilities, lifting equipment, underground utilities, electrical,excavations, noise, hand, manual lifting, ladders, scaffolds, slips-trips-falls, heat stress, site, barricades, confined space, lock out / tag out

  5. Public Version Disasters Definition: an occurrence that has resulted in property damage, deaths, and/or injuries to the community; (FEMA, 2009) climate change, fog, hurricane, snow, temperature extreme, thunderstorm, tornado, wind, wild land fire, drought, flood, ice storm, slope failures, tsunami, volcano, earthquake crime, arson, civil disorder, terrorism, war, industrial, hazardous materials, vehicular, aviation, railroad,structural Stafford Act - Emergency Declaration or Major Disaster Declaration

  6. Public Version Top 3 Hazards That Effect Sanitation Districts 1. Man-made Hazard – Hazardous Materials 2. Man-made Hazard – Industrial 3. Natural Hazard – Wildfires

  7. Public Version Man-made Hazard – Hazardous Materials (treatment of wastewater )

  8. Public Version Effected Facilities – Wastewater Reclamation Plants • 2-WRPs are designated “Medium-Hazard” for its aqueous ammonia handling regulated under CalARP Program Level 2 • 2-WRPs are designated “High-Hazard” for its chlorine and sulfur dioxide handling regulated under CalARP Program Level 3

  9. Public Version Disaster – Worst Case Scenario Aqueous ammonia • 200 ppm (toxic endpoint), extend distance of 0.08 miles • Effect limited to on-site personnel Anhydrous chlorine & sulfur dioxide • 3 ppm (toxic endpoint), extend distance of 2.7 miles • Effect schools, residences, hospitals, day-care, parks, 2-major highways, several hundred thousand people

  10. Public Version Disaster - Worst Case Scenario WRP B: Aqueous ammonia • 200 ppm (toxic endpoint), extend distance of 0.07 miles • Effect limited to on-site personnel WRP B: Anhydrous chlorine & sulfur dioxide • 3 ppm (toxic endpoint), extend distance of 2.7 miles • Effect schools, residences, hospitals, day-care, parks, 2-major highways, 280,600 people

  11. Public Version Man-made Hazards – Industrial (Sewer System Overflow)

  12. Public Version Effected Facilities • 11-Wastewater Reclamation Plants • 54 pumping plants • Thousands of Man-holes • 1,400 miles of Districts sewer pipe

  13. Public Version Disaster – Worst Case Scenario 1. Manhattan Beach Incident (past incident, 2006): • Several pumping plants stop pumping wastewater • If not bypassed or repaired, within 3-hours, untreated wastewater starts to overflow from the failed pumping plants and from the man-holes • Wastewater flows into streams, collects on residential surface streets, backs-up residences nearby • Within “hot-zone” Public Health “Non-Use” to mitigate wastewater exposure. • Millions of dollars for wastewater remediation, lawsuits, fines

  14. Public Version 3. Natural Hazard - Wildfire

  15. Public Version Effected Facilities • 7-Wastewater Reclamation Plants and 3-Landfills are located in or near wildland areas and are threatened by wildfire • A fire at a WRP or Landfill has potential to cause secondary (combustion of hazardous materials) and tertiary hazards (injuring people, emergency responders, and environment)

  16. Public Version Disaster – Worst Case Scenario 1. WRP is over run by wildfire • Wildfire flames effect back-up power generation, secondary treatment fails, wastewater is not disinfected and untreated wastewater discharged • Wildfire flames explode hazardous materials onsite releasing toxic fumes causing evacuation 2. Landfill is over run by wildfire • Wildfire flames burn sub-surface debris and damage landfill membrane – releasing toxic liquids into groundwater and nearby streams

  17. Public Version Summary

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