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FIRST AID AWARENESS

FIRST AID AWARENESS. Humanitarian Peace support School. Bethuel Aliwa – EMT/EMS-I.

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FIRST AID AWARENESS

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  1. FIRST AID AWARENESS Humanitarian Peace support School BethuelAliwa – EMT/EMS-I

  2. You are in a convoy of 4 vehicles from an assignment. Suddenly on a bend, a young boy runs across the road. The lead vehicle suddenly skids and is banged behind by another one. Due to the commotion, the third one looses control and rolls several times before landing in a ditch. Luckily you are in the fourth car. It is raining heavily. The injured are screaming for Help. What do you do????

  3. Incident Management

  4. Incident Management A–Assess the situation M–Make area safe E– Emergency Aid G– Get help A-Aftermath

  5. PATIENT ASSESSMENT • Scene safety & Body Substance Isolation • Determine Responsiveness (Activate EMS) • Ensure an open Airway • Normal Breathing • Circulation including presence of bleeding • Mental status

  6. PATIENT HISTORY SSigns and Symptoms "What is the problem?" AAllergies "Are you allergic to anything?" M Medications "Do you take any medications?" PPertinent History "Are you currently seeing a doctor for anything?" L Last Oral Intake "When was the last time EEvents "What were you doing when this happened?"

  7. Cardio pulmonary resuscitation

  8. Chest Compressions Nipple line

  9. “Push hard, push fast & allow the chest to recoil” Minimize interruptions of compression

  10. FOREIGN BODY AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION (FBAO) Adult, child & infant

  11. CHOKING Foreign Body Airway Obstruction in Adults (FBAO) Ask “ are you choking” Heimlich maneuver Adult

  12. Management of FBAO in Infants 5 Chest thrust 5 Back slaps

  13. BLEEDING

  14. Bleeding: (comes in two major forms) External bleeding. Internal bleeding. Others sources include (nose bleeding) BLEEDING

  15. Contusions and Hematomas • Contusion • Blood vessel disruption beneath epidermis • Swelling, pain, blueness • May occur 24 to 48 hours after injury

  16. Abrasion • Partial-thickness injury • Scraping or rubbing away of layers of skin Deep abrasion caused by a fall from a bicycle

  17. Laceration • Tear, split, or incision of skin • Size and depth vary depending on injury sites and wounding mechanism • May be significant bleeding

  18. Laceration Large wound caused by barbed wire

  19. Puncture Wounds Impaled objects

  20. Impaled objects

  21. Amputation • Complete or partial loss of limb due to mechanical force • Bleeding is a potentially fatal complication

  22. Care for Sucking Chest Wound

  23. BONE AND JOINT INJURIES

  24. Gives the body shape Protects internal organs Provides for support & movement Musculoskeletal System

  25. Open Injuries (fracture) Break in the continuity of the skin.

  26. Closed Injuries(fracture) No break in the continuity of the skin.

  27. Dislocation Movement of a bone at a joint away from the normal position. More obvious than a fracture. Often forms a bump, ridge (fold) or hollow. Hinge Joint Ball-and-Socket Joint

  28. Sprain Tearing of ligament at a joint May swell & can involve fractures or dislocations Most often occurs in the ankle, knee, wrist or finger joint.

  29. ?

  30. Full Thickness Burn (3rd Degree) • Burn involves all dermal layers and may include muscle, bone, or organs • Dry and leathery skin; Charred • Little or no sensation; hard to the touch; pain at periphery

  31. Assessment And Care Body Substance Isolation & do a Body Surface Area Help the casualty lie down (as this may help prevent shock). Cut around areas of clothing that adhere to patient; do not attempt to remove adhere fabric. Cover the injured area with a sterile dressing to protect it from infection.

  32. Stop The Burning Process • Use water or saline to cool burn injuries • Within first 10 minutes of injury, if possible. • Remove jewelry and any clothing on fire; (advise the victim to STOP, DROP & ROLL) • Be ready to resuscitate (burn to the face)

  33. Airway Burns • Singed nasal hairs • Facial burns • Burned flecks of carbon in sputum • Sooty or smoky smell on breath • Respiratory distress

  34. CONCLUSION • Triage is the single most important decision involving management of mass casualty incidences. • Agencies in hostile areas are encouraged to develop Mass casualty plans for their facilities based on operating capacity and resources • It important for all staff to know about the plan.

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