1 / 10

The Ailing Estates General

The Ailing Estates General. Estates General-not called to meeting since 1614 First Estate: clergy Owns 10% land, social services Second Estate: nobility 2% Pop. But owns 20%, almost no taxes Third Estate: Commoners Middle Class-wealthy & educated, but no privileges Urban workers-poor

signe-lyons
Download Presentation

The Ailing Estates General

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Ailing Estates General • Estates General-not called to meeting since 1614 • First Estate: clergy • Owns 10% land, social services • Second Estate: nobility • 2% Pop. But owns 20%, almost no taxes • Third Estate: Commoners • Middle Class-wealthy & educated, but no privileges • Urban workers-poor • Peasants-80% of pop. What problems do you see?

  2. Forces of Change • Enlightenment Ideas • American Rev. How did this change people’s ideas? • Questioning idea of social structure • Economic Problems • Heavy taxes on merchants • Cost of living increase • Bad harvests Which affects the most? • King Louis XVI & Marie • Palace of Versailles • Am. Rev. Why support? • “Madame Deficit”

  3. The National Assembly • Louis XVI needs $$$$$$ • Plans on taxing nobles • Nobles refuse-call Est. Gen. • How do the nobles plan to use the Estates General? • Third Estate-upset • Form National Assembly • Plan to pass laws & reforms in name of people • Tennis Court Oath • National Assembly locked out of meeting • Delegates use a tennis court & plan to stay until a constitution is written • Louis calls in the guards

  4. Storming the Bastille • What do you think the people were thinking? • Rumors circulated in Paris • Afraid of force by Louis • Attacked the Bastille • Was a prison • Looking for gunpowder • MC & workers controlled Paris • The Great Fear • Peasants destroyed, looted nobles houses Why? • Parisian women raided Palace of Versailles for bread

  5. Enlightenment in Action • National Assembly Reforms • Inspired by Dec. of Ind. Constitution What parts? • “Liberty, Equality & Fraternity” • Not applied to Everyone • State-Controlled Church • Took over lands • Clergy now worked for state • Why the changes? • Peasants despised changes • Louis XVI tries to escape • Many had already left • Why going to Netherlands? • How does this look to the people of France?

  6. Disagreements • French Constitution • Limited Monarchy • Still enforced the laws • Legislative Assembly • Create laws, declare war • Factions in the Assembly • Issues: No food & debts • Radicals, Moderates & Conservatives • How did they affect today’s politics? • Factions in France • Emigres-nobles & royalists • What do they want to do? • Sans-culottes-workers • Wanted more change • How could they?

  7. The Jacobins • The Jacobins: Radical Reformers • Jean Paul Marat: death to all who support King-Why? • Tried Louis XVI for treason • Executed by guillotine • Reign of Terror • Robespierre: • Republic of Virtue • New calendar, closed churches • Committee of Public Safety • Protect Revolution from enemies • “Terror was virtuous” • 40,000 killed • Ended with Robespierre’s death • Why did they kill him?

  8. Protecting the Revolution! • Why would Austria & Prussia be concerned with beheading of Louis XIV? • Why does the Legislative Assembly go to War? • September Massacres • Prussians approaching Paris- • Citizens take law into own hands-killed 1,000 prisoners • How does this pressure the Legislative Assembly? • National Convention • Abolished Monarchy • Men right to Vote

  9. The War for the Revolution • National Convention • How to defeat Austrians & Prussians? • Won Battle of Valmy • Great Britain, Spain & Holland join against Fr. • Forced to draft soldiers • 800,000 had joined army • Why can they do this? • The Directory • People tired of the Terror, high food prices, war • Two house Legislature • 5 man executive body • Who did they find as a capable General?

  10. Rise of Napoleon • The Directory needs help • Royalists marching on Paris • Napoleon charged with stopping • Fires on crowd with cannons • Becomes instant hero • Why • Directory: Attack Austria • Napoleon wins series of battles-popularity soars • Coup d’Etat • Directory failing • Surrounded Convection with troops • Voted to Dissolve Directory • Napoleon now 1st Consul

More Related