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Plate Tectonics

Plate Tectonics. 7 th Grade Science. Lesson 1. Earthquake- vibrations in the earth caused by sudden release of energy, as a result of the movement of rocks along a fault Seismologist- scientist who studies earthquakes. Lesson 2. Earthquake Waves

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Plate Tectonics

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  1. Plate Tectonics 7th Grade Science

  2. Lesson 1 • Earthquake- vibrations in the earth caused by sudden release of energy, as a result of the movement of rocks along a fault • Seismologist- scientist who studies earthquakes

  3. Lesson 2 • Earthquake Waves • P-Wave: primary wave, first and compressional (back and forth) • S-Wave: secondary, second and moves at right angles, much rougher • Surface Waves: Elliptical and back and forth on surface of earth, most destructive

  4. Lesson 3 • Seismogram- paper that records earthquake • Seismograph- device that measures an earthquake’s intensity • Epicenter – imaginary point on earth that sits on top of the focus • Focus – where the earthquake begins inside the earth

  5. Lesson 4 • Plate Boundary-pieces of broken lithosphere meet, 3 types Convergent (collide), Divergent (divide) and transform (slide) • Ring of Fire-encircles the Pacific Ocean, an area of volcanic and earthquake activity • Magnitude- measure of total amount of energy released in an earthquake, each interval 32 times more energy is released • Intensity- measure of damage done during an earthquake

  6. Lessons 1-4 Challenge Words • Liquefaction: strength and stiffness of soil is reduced by earthquake shaking, occurs in saturated soils and allows soil particles to move (think of liquid vs. solid) • Lithosphere: crust and uppermost mantle, where earthquakes occur • Subduction Zone: 2 lithospheric plates come together

  7. Lesson 5 • Parts of the Earth (inside to outside)-think of our apple • Inner Core/like the seeds of an apple • Outer Core/pocket that holds the seeds • Mantle/meaty part of the apple-what you eat • Lithosphere/bite out of the apple-upp.mantle/crust or a plate • Crust/skin of the apple

  8. Lesson 6 • Lithosphere: Cool, solid outer shell of earth which is made of Crust and Upper Mantle and makes up our plates • Asthenosphere: layer of mantle directly below the lithosphere and allows the lithosphere to move. • Mid-Ocean Ridge: A mountainlike landform that develops when plates separate and new ocean lithosphere forms • Subduction: The movement of a tectonic plate beneath another plate Ex. Oceanic lithosphere is more dense and subducts beneath the Continental lithosphere • Seafloor Spreading: Mid-Ocean Ridge where magma is is being pushed out of the crust creating new rock Ex. A Divergent Boundary like in the Atlantic Ocean between N.America and Europe/Asia

  9. Lesson 7 • Brittle: describes objects that break easily when force is applied to them • Ductile: describes objects that bend, stretch, or flow when a force is applied to them • Fault: a fracture in bedrock, along which blocks of rock on opposite sides of the fracture move Ex. San Andreas Fault, California • Plate Tectonics: Theory that lithosphere is broken into segments/plates that float on the asthenosphere and is associated with earthquakes, and volcanic activity.

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