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Wired Vs Wireless

Wired Vs Wireless. Broadband Technology options. 1-3rd Feb 2007 New Delhi. By: Deepa Tyagi DDG (M),TEC DOT. 1. TWO MAIN TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS OF TODAY: MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS INTERNET Interestingly, mobile subscribers are increasingly demanding

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Wired Vs Wireless

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  1. Wired Vs Wireless Broadband Technology options 1-3rd Feb 2007 New Delhi By: Deepa Tyagi DDG (M),TEC DOT 1

  2. TWO MAIN TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS OF TODAY: • MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS • INTERNET • Interestingly, mobile subscribers are increasingly demanding • Internet access while on the move and at increasingly high speeds; • thereby resulting in the Convergence of the above two technological • trends leading to the birth of “Broadband” (application) and 3G/4G • Technologies (enablers) • Paradigm shift - Internet goes Mobile • ….Continued

  3. Contd… • Statistics at a glance: • Global Mobile Subscriber growth has been phenomenal • from zero levels in 1992 to cross the landline’s billion by • 2002 and the climb to 2.6 billion by Dec. 2006, • (ii) The global mobile phone market is set to grow to 4 - 4.5 billion by 2011 fuelled by strong demand from developing economies in Asia and Latin America. • (iii) Almost 1 billion handsets sold per year. • (iv) 1 billion internet users by Dec. 06. • (v) 275 billion broadband connections. • (vi) Around 2010, data traffic likely to exceed voice traffic. • All the above point to a remarkable development that is changing the world and the way be communicate!

  4. INDIAN SCENARIO Fixed subscribers - 40 million Mobile - 140 million Gross - 180 million Tele density - Around 18% Rural Tele density - < 3% Broadband subscribers - 2 Million Internet Users - 50Million PCs - 5 Million Target by 2007 - 250 Million subscribers. - 10 Million broadband connections Target by 2010 - 500 Million subscribers. - 20 Million broadband connections 2007 has been declared as the year of Broadband.

  5. Internet & Broad-band Services in India (Issues) • Low Internet usage • Low PC penetration • Lack of local content • Tariffs ( for access and services) • Security of Information

  6. WHAT IS BROADBAND? • No universal definition of Broadband • Simply put, it refers to internet access at speeds faster than • 56 Kbps dial up. • ITU REC. I -113 defines it as transmission capacity faster than • Primary Rate ISDN (at 2 Mbps). • DOT Broadband policy 2004 defines “Broadband Connectivity” • as “an always-on data connection that is able to support • various interactive services and has the capacity of a minimum • download speed of 256 Kbps.

  7. BENEFITS OF BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY • It is Fast • It is Always-on • It is charged on a flat rate • The real gift of broadband is the greater scope it provides for • developing applications and services whether by enhancing • existing ones, or enabling new ones.

  8. Broadband Services • These refer to the new generation of high speed information services which allow users to access internet related services (supported by traditional dial-up services) at significantly higher speeds. In addition, new services are being developed such as viewing good quality live video or downloading large MP3 files. Some of these services are: • Video-on-demand • Interactive games • Video conferencing • Tele-education • Tele-medicine • Music/movie downloads • On line shopping & browsing • E Governance

  9. BROADBAND TECHNOLOGY OPTIONS • Wireless Systems • - MMDS/LMDS (For point to multipoint two way broadband services) • - Satellite (VSAT, DTH terminals) • - Free Space Optics (also called optical wireless, it enables optical • transmission of data/voice/video through open • space (without fiber) within LOS ranges) • - Wi-Fi/Wi-Max • - 3G Technologies such as WCDMA, CDMA 2000 • Wireline Systems • - ISDN • - DSL • - Cable TV Modem • - Power lines

  10. WIRELINE Vs WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES • Each of the Wireline and Wireless technologies has its own • pros and cons and no single technology would be found to • be suited for all networks and countries. • While Wireline technologies such as DSL and Cable may be • better options for the existing operators (since these utilize • the existing legacy infra-structure), the wireless technologies • may be the chosen broadband access options for the new • operators without easy access to phone or cable infra- • structure, to span the last mile, since it is cheap as well as • quick-to-deploy.

  11. MAIN CHALLENGES • FOR • WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES • Spectrum constraints • To guarantee Quality of Service • To ensure Over-the-Air Security • To make the interfaces open to ensure inter-operability • in a multi-vendor environment.

  12. EVOLUTION OF MOBILE SYSTEMS • Pre Cellular – e.g. IMTS (Improved Mobile Telephone System) – • Analog FM System used in mid 1960s. • 1G - e.g. AMPS, TACS, ETACS, NMT – Partially digital, used • from early 1980s in 800 MHz-900 MHz bands. • 2G – e.g. IS 95, GSM – Fully digital, used from early 1990s, • in bands 800, 900, 1700, 1800 and 1900 MHz, Voice Centric with • limited data capabilities and SMS. • 3G – e.g. CDMA 2000, WCDMA – Supporting voice plus high • speed packet data services. • 4G - ?

  13. PARADIGM SHIFT In 1G - emphasis was on technology, in particular on the evolution of network infra-structure to address the New World of mobility. In 2G - manufacturers were striving to meet consumer demand for ever smaller phones with longer battery life and advanced features. In 3G - focus will now be on content and multimedia applications. Voice telephony will be complemented by services beyond voice.

  14. IMT-2000 Terrestrial Radio Interfaces Key IMT2000 Requirements: • High Speed Packet Data • 144k - Vehicular • 384 - Pedestrian • 2Mb - Indoor • Global Roaming • UIM - Based on SIM IMT-2000 CDMA Direct Spread IMT-2000 CDMA Multi-Carrier IMT-2000 CDMA TDD IMT-2000 TDMA Single Carrier IMT-2000 FDMA/ TDMA UMTS cdma2000 1X and 3X UTRA TDD & TD-SCDMA) UWC-136/ EDGE DECT

  15. 3rd Generation Partnership Project TTC 3GPP for evolved GSM & UTRA TTC 3GPP2 for evolved ANSI-41 & cdma2000 3G Partnership Projects • Two partnership projects have been established to accelerate all aspects of 3G standardization • Main thrust of each project is to find commonality for their respective standards across regions • Global harmonization could enable: • lower overall costs • faster product cycles • faster operator implementation of 3G services

  16. EVOLUTION TO IMT-2000/3G IMT-2000 CAPABLE SYSTEMS GPRS EDGE GSM PDC WCDMA CdmaOne Cdma 2000 TDMA IS-136 TDMA/ GPRS TDMA/ EDGE 3G TODAY 2G 2000 EVOLVED 2G 19.2 Kbps 115-384 Kbps 0.384-2 Mbps 64-115 Kbps 16

  17. 2010+ 2005 2006 2007-2009 4G (IMT-Advanced) likely OFDMA based 3G Technology Evolution GSM WCDMA HSDPA HSUPA LTE 3G Technology Evolution CDMA 2000 1x EV-DO EV-DO Rev A EV-DO Rev B, C Wi-Fi OFDM 802.16e OFDMA 802.16e MIMO-OFDMA Broadband Wireless Technology Evolution Mobile Wireless Technology Evolution and Convergence 3G Technology Evolution Source: Rysavvy Research Wireless technologies evolving to OFDMA Integration drives adoption

  18. 4G • As the first implementations of 3G are beginning to roll out, the shortcomings of 3G networks are already being discussed and the scientists/researchers have begun to talk of 4G which, at this initial stages, implies “improvement and the fixing of lingering 3G problems, apart from increasing data speeds beyond 2 Mbps”. • The limitations and difficulties of 3G include: • Multiple radio technologies • Multiple frequency spectrum • User Information rates limited to 2 Mbps • Due to multiple frequency spectrum and radio technologies, world-wide roaming is still not possible and multiband and multimode terminals would be extremely costly.

  19. 4G Vision There will not be a single network branded as 4G in the same way that there is 2G GSM or 3G UTRAN. Instead, 4G will be a collection of networks and a wide variety of smart devices communicating with each other. The 4G technology will provide for a collection of different kinds of multiple access networks in which a user can gain access to a portal on the Internet (or whatever the entity) by the most appropriate means. The user will not have to know which network provides the service. The smart device can analyze its environment and choose the best available service provider and technology (service discovery). Contd….

  20. Contd….. Both the network entities and the smart devices will be able to configure themselves so that they can adapt to new requirements. The emergence of fourth generation of mobile services will allow Users to connect to different networks depending on their location. For example, a handset could connect a wireless local area network (WLAN) when inside a building, switch to a 3G mast when outside, And connect to a standard network in areas with no 3G coverage. 4G is supposed to be an all IP Network with higher bit rates, enhanced Multimedia services, smooth streaming videos, worldwide Access/roaming capability, Intelligent software as driven technique. OFDM-UWB (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing-Ultra Wide Band) as representative standard, FDMA, TDMA, CDMA as Multi access techniques, low cost and tight security network.

  21. Services PSTN/ISDN PLMN Data Networks Separate Access, Transport & Switching Networks Existing Scenario Separate Service Networks

  22. Services Managed IP/MPLS Transport Access NGN Scenario Independence of services from underlying transport technologies

  23. Principles of Fixed Mobile Convergence

  24. PSTN • HSS- Home Subscriber Server APP- Application (server) RAN- Radio Access Network • IMS based FMC solution

  25. Fixed-Line Network Softswitch PSTN (TDM) FMC IMS 4G 2G TDMA /CDMA IS-95 Mobile Network Figure1: Fixed Mobile Convergence (FMC) 1G 3G FDMA WCDMA CDMA2000

  26. Key takeaways • - Mobile has become the dominant means for accessing communications particularly in developing countries. • (The “1 billion” figure of global mobile subscriber base was reached (in 2002)-some 23 years after NTT DoCoMo launched the first Cellular System in 1979, whereas the next 500 million mark was reached (in 2004) –just after 2 years and the “2 billion” figure was reached in 2005). • -Mobile networks are fast moving towards “All IP” networks. • -There is a shift in the wireless business model from a technology and device driven world to a service-and experience-centred world. • The debate of wired Vs wireless will end in the NGN era through Fixed Mobile Convergence (FMC). • FMC will combine the convenience, freedom of movement and personaised services of the wireless world with the high quality and speed of fixed communication.

  27. SOME IMPORTANT STANDARDIZATION BODIES 1. 3GPP (http://www.3gpp.org) 2. 3GPP2 (http://www.3gpp2.org) 3. UWCC (http://www.uwcc.org) 4. ETSI (http://wwwetsi.org) 5. ITU (http://www.itu.int) 6. MWIF (http://www.mwif.org) 7. 3G.IP (http://www.3gip.org) 8. IETF (http://www.ietf.org) 9. UMTS Forum (http://www.umts-forum.org) 10. WAP Forum (http://www.wapforum.org) 11. SDR (http://www.sdrforum.org) 12. BLUETOOTH Forum (http://www.bluetoothforum.org) 13. 4G BRAIN PROJECT (http://www.ist-brain.org) 14. Wireless Communications Association (WCA) 15. Broadband Wireless Association (BWA) 16. Metro Ethernet Forum 17. International Packet Communications Consortium (IPCC)

  28. THANK YOU For further details, You may contact Deepa Tyagi at E-mail address: ddgmtec@bol.net.in Tel. :91-11-2 3329333 Fax :91-11-2 3730045 28

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