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Graphs of motion. 0 acceleration. Constant + ve acceleration. Constant - ve acceleration. Area under graph. gradient. Area under graph. Area under graph. Random Motion. Kinetic Theory. Small fast moving air particles hit slow fast moving smoke particles- Brownian Motion.
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Graphs of motion 0 acceleration Constant +ve acceleration Constant -ve acceleration Area under graph gradient Area under graph Area under graph
Random Motion Kinetic Theory Small fast moving air particles hit slow fast moving smoke particles- Brownian Motion Pressure- hits the walls of the container • tightly packed, regular shape • Vibrate • Little free space • well separated with no regular arrangement • move randomly at high speeds • Lots of free space • close together with no regular arrangement • Slide over each other • Little free space Higher temp. more collision with wall, more pressure Small volume, more collisions with wall, more pressure
The larger surface area has more surface molecules so more evaporation takes place Escape of more energetic molecules from the surface of liquid Heat provides more energy to surface molecules thereby increasing evaporation rate The wind molecules hit the surface molecules thereby removing it from liquid Cooling process Evaporation of water from the skin removes heat energy from the skin thereby cooling the skin
Longitudinal-particles move parallel to wave motion Transverse- particles move 90° to wave motion Frequency is the number of waves passing a point in one second Period-Time taken for 1 wave to pass a point Transfers energy F=1/T refraction Waves v = f x ƛ diffraction Wavefronts reflection High speed, large wavelength Low speed, small wavelength
Hotter body has more internal energy Thermal capacity Lf-latent heat of fusion is the energy required to melt 1kg of substance without changing its temperature. Lv-e latent heat of vaporisation is the energy required to boil 1 kg of a substance into gas without changing its temperature. V,I,t,T,m E =P x t = VIt C-Specific heat capacity of a substance is the energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of substance by 1C Q=E = mcϪT Higher SHC takes longer to get hot
Light Dispersion ROYGBIV Refraction Reflection Fiber optics Virtual Laterally inverted Same size as the object Same distance behind the mirror as the object is in front Refractive index, n = sin i/sin r Or c =3 x 108 m/s i <cr i = cr i >cr
Electromagnetic Spectrum Monochromatic light Vacuum-3 x 108 m/s Gate XUsually Lets In More Radiation- order of wavelength Waves Waves Waves Waves Waves Waves