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GESTATION

GESTATION . ENRIQUE VILLEGAS AND ISABELA DOMINGUEZ . A fertilized egg is called a Zygote (which is the cell formed by the union of male sex cell and female sex cell). Later on, the zygote keeps dividing and dividing until it becomes into a spherical shape, which is the morula .

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GESTATION

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  1. GESTATION ENRIQUE VILLEGAS AND ISABELA DOMINGUEZ

  2. A fertilized egg is called a Zygote (which is the cell formed by the union of male sex cell and female sex cell). • Later on, the zygote keeps dividing and dividing until it becomes into a spherical shape, which is the morula. • By 3 or 4 days, a cavity forms within the ball of cells and it becomes into a blastocyst, a blastocyst(which arises the head, body, organs etc). • Later on, the blastocyst becomes an embryo. Process

  3. From 1-4 weeks, the Nervous system starts to develop (the brain, spinal cord, hair and skin) and so the neural tube develops. • Also, the heart and the primitive circulatory system rapidly for

  4. In the 5th week, the first heartbeats start to sound. • Umbilical cord develops. • The blood is now pumping since all of the four heart chambers are now functioning. • Most of the other organs start to develop such as the lungs, and liver, along with the brain. * Arms and legs buds starts to appear.

  5. In the 6th & 7th week, the arms and legs buds continue to develop. • The brain starts to develop into five areas, while some cranial nerves begin to appear. • The lenses of the eyes appear, while the ears and nose structure begin to form. • Fingers and elbows start to develop. Later, the tissue forms develop into the vertebra and a few other bones. • The intestines start to grow. • The heart starts to beat at a regular rhythm. • Very basic blood can move through the main vessels..

  6. In the 8th week, the cartilage and all the bones begin to form. • The arms and legs have grown much longer • Both hands and feet have now fingers and toes. • Basic structure of the eye develops. • Intestines move out to the abdomen. • Weight 0.04 ounce (1gm) and measures 0.61 inch (1.6cm).

  7. In the 9th week, the fetus starts to do movements (wriggling and shifting). • Nipples and the hair follicles are formed. • Joints are formed, making the fetus to bend or flex. • The fingerprints are already evident. • Weight is now 0.07 ounce (2gm) and measures 0.9 inch (2.3cm).

  8. In the 10th week, in medical terms the baby is now called a fetus. • Eyelids and irises begin to develop. Eye color is determined. Theplacenta begins to function, which is the responsible organ for the provision of nutrients and the removal of waste. • The fetus contains an amniotic sac fluid, which protects the baby from any damage. The fluid makes lubrication which allows the baby to pass through the vagina. • The baby will measure 1.22 inch long (3.1cm) and weigh 0.14 ounce (4gm) at the end of this week.

  9. From week 11th till the 14th, the fetus starts to resemble as a mini baby, since his or her face is now well formed. • Genitals are visible and well formed (able to determine its sex). • The muscles are getting stronger and they can be heard by the ultrasound. • Now the fetus can close the eyelids though it will not reopen until the 26th week. • The red cells are produced in the liver. • Tooth buds appear for the teeth. • A hair called lanugo will now grow all over the baby’s body (which is the hair that appears all over the body).

  10. From week 15th till 18th, the placenta continues to grow and nourish the fetus. • Vocal chords in the fetus are formed. • All the features of the fetus’ heart (chambers and ventricles) can be heard a lot by ultrasound. • More muscles tissues and bones are developed, and so the bones become harder. • The meconium (which are the earliest stool or poo of an infant) are now made in the intestinal tract. • The fetus’ mouth can do sucking motions. • Measures about 5.19 inches (1.42cm), and weighs 6.7 ounces (190gm).

  11. From week 19th till 21th, the white blood cells are under production . • The skin change from being transparent to be more opaque. • Fetus’ tongue is fully formed. • Wake up and sleep periods are more consistent. When the fetus takes in the amniotic fluid, his or her body absorbs water in the liquid and moves the rest in the large bowel. • Measures 10.51 inches (26.7cm) and weighs 12.7 ounces (360g).

  12. In the 22th week, the eyebrows and eyelashes are fully formed, and fingernails have grown. • The brain has entered to a stage of rapid growth, especially in the germinal matrix. • Also, it is interesting to mention that the structure that is the deep middle part of the brain serves as a factory for brain cells and disappears shortly before birth. • If the fetus tends to be male, the tested begin to descent to the scrotum, while primitive sperm is being formed and produces testosterone. • Measures 10.94 inches (27.8cm); weight is nearly 1 pound (430gm).

  13. From the 23th till the 25th week, the bone marrow begins to make blood cells. • Structure of the spines begin to form (all joints, ligaments and rings). • The fetus starts to store fat, and the blood vessels in the lungs develop. • The baby nostrils begin to open, while the nerves around the mouth start to become more sensible. • Measures 13.6 inches (34.6cm) and weighs 1.46 pound (660gm).

  14. In the 26th week, the baby will weight two pounds which in average is 1.7 pounds and 760gm. The fetus measures 14 inches, which is 35.6 cm. • Spine gets stronger and supple. • The fetus’ eyes are now opening and can blink. Now the lungs begin to secrete a greasy substance called surfactant. • The retina begins to form. • Brain activity for hearing and sight begins to be detectable. • Fetal brain scans can show response to the touch.

  15. From week 27th till the 30th, the fetus’ head is getting larger. • Amount of amniotic fluid will decrease as the fetus grows. • Eyelids can open and close and so the fetus can move his or her eyes from side to side. • Early lanugo begins to disappear. • The toenails are entering in their final growth stage. • The red blood cells will continue to help the child in transporting oxygen and removing any kinds of waste. • The nervous system is developed enough. • The fetus has the capacity to produce tears within the womb. The baby now measures 15.7 inches (39.9cm) and weighs 2.91 pounds (1319).

  16. From week 31th till 34th, now the baby starts to act as newborn. • Baby has already turned the head down position in preparation for birth. • Fingernails have already finished their growth until the fingertips. • The antibodies from the blood are being transferred to him. • The baby begins to store more fat. • The baby’s body begins to store iron, calcium and phosphorus. • The baby measures 17.7 inches (45cm) and weight 4.7 pounds (2146 g).

  17. From week 35th till 40th, the lanugo is completely gone. • Nails grow longer. • 15% of the baby’s body is fat, since he or she hasn’t learned to shiver yet. • The lungs will continue to develop after birth. • Small breasts buds are now present on the baby. • Mesures 20,2 inches (51.2cm) and weighs 7.6 punds (3462gm). • Now the baby can born any moment.

  18. MUSIC • If a mother plays a gentle and quite lullaby for the fetus, it will help them to fall asleep; meanwhile, if the mother plays loud music, it will startle the fetus. • This has been proved throughout many studies, fetus are stimulated by music. • Also, it can also affect the way they think. • If a fetus have been developing while listening to music, he or she could develop strong music related connections. • It is unknown whether music helps the fetus or babies to be smarter, though it helps them to prime their brains for certain kinds of thinking eventually. • It’s interesting to know since the fetus always hears its mother’s voice and sound (such as breathing and other movements); it helps the fetus after birth being able to recognize their mother’s. • Music benefits to relax the mother, which is good for the fetus. Effects on the fetus (good)

  19. NUTRITION • Having a rich diet with important nutrients will help the baby’s body to develop properly (Folic acid is an important mineral) because it helps to prevent birth defects. • Also, calcium helps the baby’s bones and muscles develop. (Low fat milk & low fat cheese, and yogurt). • It’s important to have a balanced diet in order to prevent of being sick so it could not cause a serious harm for the baby. • So eating plenty of rich nutrient foods could keep both fetus and mother healthy. Fruits (bell peppers, strawberries and kiwis) which contains vitamin C), & foods with vitamin A, such as carrots and spinach.

  20. Terbutaline • First of all, tertbutaline belongs to a class of drugs called beta adrenergic receptor agonists; which helps to to delay preterm labor for 48 hours. • During that time, doctors try to treat with steroids, which have proven to reduce the risk of lung problems for premature babies.

  21. Did you know that over the last remaining months the fetus’ brain will develop over 100 billion neurons? • Did you know that during your pregnancy that your uterus will increase its capacity by 1000 times? Did you know that during the last 8th week of gestation, the baby has already completed 1/5th of its journey till the birth? • Did you know that in week 14th, coincidentally, the baby will be about the size of a peach? • Did you know that during the 22th week, the baby weight will be close to a pound? While on the 30th week, the baby will be nearly three pounds? Interestingfacts

  22. http://www.ehd.org/movies.php?mov_id=6 • http://childrenshospital.org/az/Site636/mainpageS636P0.html • http://healthylivingtipsforhealth.blogspot.com/2012/01/about- • pregnancy-pregnancy-week-by-week.html • http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002398.htm • http://www.pregnancy.org/fetaldevelopment • http://voices.yahoo.com/the-growing-baby-utero-7030202.html • http://www.babycenter.com/0_music-and-your-unborn-child_6547.bc Bibliography

  23. It is especially important to give up alcohol, cigarettes, and drugs. Some drugs can be especially harmful at the end of pregnancy. They may make delivery more difficult or dangerous, or they may create health problems for the newborn baby EFFECTS ON BABY

  24. Terbutaline positively affects the fetus by relaxing the smooth muscle of the mother's uterus, delaying delivery for several days. During this time, doctors may opt to treat with steroids, which have been proven to reduce the risk of lung problems for premature babies, improving their chances of survival by as much as 40 percent. Steroid therapy works fast with improvements in infant lung function seen within 48 hours. BENEFITS

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