1 / 16

Chapter 16: Air Pollution

Chapter 16: Air Pollution. 16.2 Natural Sources Of Air Pollution. Natural Combustion Decay Biological Emissions Chemical Particulate (spores, pollen, etc.) Wind-blown dust Volcanic. 16.3 Human-caused Air Pollution. We categorize pollutants according to their source

sirvat
Download Presentation

Chapter 16: Air Pollution

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 16: Air Pollution

  2. 16.2 Natural Sources Of Air Pollution • Natural Combustion • Decay • Biological Emissions • Chemical • Particulate (spores, pollen, etc.) • Wind-blown dust • Volcanic

  3. 16.3 Human-caused Air Pollution • We categorize pollutants according to their source • We also categorize pollutants according to their content • Unconventional pollutants also are important • Indoor air is more dangerous for most of us than outdoor air

  4. Classification of Pollutants By Source • Primary: Direct emission • Secondary: Modified by environment (smog) • Fugitive: Non-point source (dust)

  5. Classification of Pollutants By Content • Sulfur emissions • Nitrogen Compounds • Carbon: CO2 and CO • Particulate Matter • Metals (Hg, Cd) and Halogens (Cl, F, Br) • Volatile Organics (gasoline, pesticides)

  6. 16.4 Climate, Topography, And Atmospheric Processes • Temperature inversions trap pollutants • Cities create dust domes and heat islands • Wind currents carry pollutants intercontinentally • Stratospheric ozone is destroyed by chlorine • The Montreal Protocol is a resounding success

  7. Inversion? • Cold air on ground, warm up above • Isn’t that normal? • It’s what buoyancy does, but solar warming of the surface is stronger • Reverse of normal state of affairs (that’s why it’s an “inversion”) • Stratified air doesn’t circulate vertically, so pollutants accumulate

  8. Destroying Ozone • CFCL3 + UV Energy = CFCl2 + Cl • Cl + O3 = ClO + O2 • O2 + UV Energy = 2O • ClO + O = Cl + O2 • Cl+ O3 = ClO + O2 etc. • What about volcanic HCl? • Most scrubbed out in the eruption cloud • Very little gets into stratosphere

  9. 16.5 Effects Of Air Pollution • Polluted air causes lung diseases • How does pollution harm us? • Plants are susceptible to pollution damage • Acid deposition has many negative effects • Smog and haze reduce visibility

  10. Smog

  11. Particulate Matter

  12. Particulate Matter • In pre-industrial days, 100-mile visibility was normal • Haze was unusual • Great Smoky Mountains named because of natural forest aerosols • “Dry Fog” – sign of distant volcanic eruptions, was noted in chronicles

  13. 16.6 Air Pollution Control • Saving Energy and Reducing Pollution • The most effective strategy for controlling pollution is to minimize production • Fuel switching and fuel cleaning also are effective • Clean air legislation is controversial

  14. 16.7 Current Conditions And Future Prospects • Air pollution remains a problem in many places • There are signs of hope

  15. Los Angeles

  16. San Francisco, Same Day

More Related