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Introductory Questions: What is an „organisation“? How do you understand the term “administration”?

Introductory Questions: What is an „organisation“? How do you understand the term “administration”? What is the meaning of “bureaucracy”? What do you think about it?. Universität Hildesheim Sommersemester 2003 Seminar: Communication in Organizations Prof. Dr. Jürgen Beneke

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Introductory Questions: What is an „organisation“? How do you understand the term “administration”?

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  1. Introductory Questions: • What is an „organisation“? • How do you understand the term “administration”? • What is the meaning of “bureaucracy”? What do you think about it? _________________________________________________________________________________ 1 Bureaucracy & Administration (Max Weber) Norika Felix, Niels Jensen, Maximilian Koch

  2. Universität Hildesheim Sommersemester 2003 Seminar: Communication in Organizations Prof. Dr. Jürgen Beneke Thema: Bureaucracy & Administration (Max Weber) Norika Felix, Niels Jensen, Maximilian Koch Dienstag, 13. Mai 2003 _________________________________________________________________________________ 2 Bureaucracy & Administration (Max Weber) Norika Felix, Niels Jensen, Maximilian Koch

  3. Experiment Brainstorming: What is bureaucracy ? _________________________________________________________________________________ 3 Bureaucracy & Administration (Max Weber) Norika Felix, Niels Jensen, Maximilian Koch

  4. Structure • Biography of Max Weber • Rationalisation : Three approaches • Historical background : The changing societies • Types of domination : Superordinate level • Typology of social action : Subordinate level • Establishing the term bureaucracy • Features of bureaucracy • Administration vs. Bureaucracy • Conclusion • Discussion _________________________________________________________________________________ 4 Bureaucracy & Administration (Max Weber) Norika Felix, Niels Jensen, Maximilian Koch

  5. Biography 1/2 • Born: April 21st 1864 in Erfurt • Education: 1882-1889 studies in Heidelberg and Berlin • Career • 1894 Professor of economics / Freiburg • 1896 Professor of political science /Heidelberg • 1903 Editor of the „Archiv für Sozialwissenschaft und Sozialpolitik“ • 1918 & 1919 Professor in Vienna / Munich • Died: June 14th 1920 in Munich Max Weber _________________________________________________________________________________ 5 Bureaucracy & Administration (Max Weber) Norika Felix, Niels Jensen, Maximilian Koch

  6. Biography 2/2 • Political activities • Verein für Sozialpolitik • 1918 German Armistice Commision / Versaille • Commision drafting the Weimar Constitution • Famous works • „The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism“ • „Economy and Society“ Max Weber _________________________________________________________________________________ 6 Bureaucracy & Administration (Max Weber) Norika Felix, Niels Jensen, Maximilian Koch

  7. Rationalisation: Three approaches Historical background: The changing societies Types of domination Types of social action _________________________________________________________________________________ 7 Bureaucracy & Administration (Max Weber) Norika Felix, Niels Jensen, Maximilian Koch

  8. Historical background: The changing societies 1/2 • Political revolution • overcame absolutism • people sovereignty • Industrial revolution • massproduction • Industrial / Monopoly Capitalism • Innovations: • Technical • Finance • Science • Communication • Mobility _________________________________________________________________________________ 8 Bureaucracy & Administration (Max Weber) Norika Felix, Niels Jensen, Maximilian Koch

  9. Historical background: The changing societies 2/2 The Protestant Ethic: • Predestination • Dilligence • Selfdiscipline • Restlessness • Modesty • Organistion • Rationalisation _________________________________________________________________________________ 9 Bureaucracy & Administration (Max Weber) Norika Felix, Niels Jensen, Maximilian Koch

  10. Types of domination Leader Disciples by devotion Prophet, Warhero, Demagogue Master Subjects by heritage Patriarchy Superior Members by law Bureaucracy _________________________________________________________________________________ 10 Bureaucracy & Administration (Max Weber) Norika Felix, Niels Jensen, Maximilian Koch

  11. Types of social action 1/2 • Affective action • Determined by the emotional state of the actor • Love, hate, „in the heat of the moment“ • Traditional action • Determined by the habits or customs of the actor • „The way it has always been“ _________________________________________________________________________________ 11 Bureaucracy & Administration (Max Weber) Norika Felix, Niels Jensen, Maximilian Koch

  12. Types of social action 2/2 • Wertrational (value oriented) • Determined by a conscious belief in a value for its own sake • Ethics, Aesthetics, Religion • Zweckrational (goal oriented) • Action in which both the goal and the means are rationally chosen • Wealth, health _________________________________________________________________________________ 12 Bureaucracy & Administration (Max Weber) Norika Felix, Niels Jensen, Maximilian Koch

  13. Establishing the term: Bureaucracy RATIONALISATION History Types of domination Types of social action BUREAUCRACY _________________________________________________________________________________ 13 Bureaucracy & Administration (Max Weber) Norika Felix, Niels Jensen, Maximilian Koch

  14. Features of bureaucracy 1/2 • Fixed salary • Contract • Qualification • Full-time job _________________________________________________________________________________ 14 Bureaucracy & Administration (Max Weber) Norika Felix, Niels Jensen, Maximilian Koch

  15. Features of bureaucracy 2/2 positive • Objectivity • Coordination & control are based on rules • Reliable, precise and just for both sides of interest • negative • No flexibility due • to the rules • Formal vs. • contentwise justice • Slow decision • process _________________________________________________________________________________ 15 Bureaucracy & Administration (Max Weber) Norika Felix, Niels Jensen, Maximilian Koch

  16. Administration vs. Bureaucracy Bureaucracy Organisation Rationalisation Administration _________________________________________________________________________________ 16 Bureaucracy & Administration (Max Weber) Norika Felix, Niels Jensen, Maximilian Koch

  17. Features of bureaucracy positive • Objectivity • Coordination & control are based on rules • Reliable, precise and just for both sides of interest • negative • No flexibility due • to the rules • Formal vs. • contentwise justice • Slow decision • process _________________________________________________________________________________ 17 Bureaucracy & Administration (Max Weber) Norika Felix, Niels Jensen, Maximilian Koch

  18. Conclusion Weber on bureaucracy: „ No machinery in the world functions so precisely as this apparatus of men and, moreover, so cheaply… Rational calculation… reduces every worker to a cog in this bureaucratic machine and, seeing himself in this light, he will merely ask how to transform himself into somewhat bigger cog… …The passion for bureaucratisation drives us to despair.“ _________________________________________________________________________________ 18 Bureaucracy & Administration (Max Weber) Norika Felix, Niels Jensen, Maximilian Koch

  19. Discussion • How does Weber’s model apply today? • Why is bureaucracy a West-European phenomenon ? • Which effects does bureaucracy have on communication? • How does it apply to cultural dimensions? _________________________________________________________________________________ 19 Bureaucracy & Administration (Max Weber) Norika Felix, Niels Jensen, Maximilian Koch

  20. To All Employees: To maximize productivity and make us more efficient, we are going to modify all work areas as shown below: It is expected that this change will increase productivity by approximately 4.58%. _________________________________________________________________________________ 20 Bureaucracy & Administration (Max Weber) Norika Felix, Niels Jensen, Maximilian Koch

  21. Stark bleiben! _________________________________________________________________________________ 21 Bureaucracy & Administration (Max Weber) Norika Felix, Niels Jensen, Maximilian Koch

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