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Slide Deck 4B : Governments in Canada

Learn how government is organized in Canada, including the levels of government, elected representatives, and their responsibilities. Find out how government affects you and how to contact your elected representatives.

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Slide Deck 4B : Governments in Canada

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  1. Slide Deck 4B: Governments in Canada

  2. How is government organized in Canada?

  3. What is a representative democracy? • Representatives (or politicians) are chosen by people to act and speak on their behalf in government • Our representatives are chosen through elections • Representatives meet to debate issues and pass laws • Each representative is responsible for a different geographic area or community

  4. Levels of Government Canada has several levels of government and each has its own group elected representatives. • Federal • Provincial/territorial • Local/Municipal • First Nations, Métis, and Inuit

  5. Federal Government • The elected representative is called a Member of Parliament(MP) • There are currently 338 elected MPs • MPs meet at the House of Commons in Ottawa • The leader is called the prime minister

  6. Provincial and Territorial Governments • The elected representatives have different titles based on the province/territory • Ontario - Members of Provincial Parliament (MPP) • Quebec - Members of the National Assembly (MNA) • Newfoundland and Labrador - Members of the House of Assembly (MHA) • Everywhere else – Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) • Elected members meet at their province’s or territory’s legislative assembly in their capital cities • The leader is called the premier

  7. Jason Kenney United Conservative Party Alberta John Horgan NDP British Columbia Brian Pallister Progressive Conservative Party Manitoba Doug Ford Progressive Conservative Party Ontario Scott Moe Saskatchewan Party Saskatchewan François Legault Coalition Avenir Quebec Quebec Stephen McNeil Nova Scotia Liberal Party Nova Scotia Dwight Ball Liberal Party of Newfoundland and Labrador Newfoundland and Labrador Bob McLeod NA – Consensus Northwest Territories Dennis King Progressive Conservative Party Prince Edward Island Blaine Higgs Progressive Conservative Party New Brunswick Sandy Silver Yukon Liberal Party Yukon Premiers of Canada Joe Savikataaq NA - Consensus Nunavut

  8. Do you know how the prime minister and premiers of Canada are chosen?

  9. At the provincial and federal level, most elected representatives are part of a political party (a group with shared interests and goals). The political party with the most number of elected representatives usually forms government and their leader becomes the leader of the government.

  10. In the last federal election, the Liberal Party had the most representatives, so the leader of the Liberal Party (Justin Trudeau) became the Prime Minister.

  11. Municipal Governments • The elected representative at the municipal level is called a councillor (or alderman) • Councils can we different in size and structure • The head of the council (leader) is usually called a mayor or reeve. They are elected by all citizens living in the municipality • Municipal councils meet at the city or town hall

  12. Municipal/Local First Nations, Métis and Inuit governments • Some First Nations, Inuit and Métis communities have their own systems of governance. • These councils or governments share certain responsibilities with the provincial/territorial or federal government. • The elected representative at the municipal level is usually called a councillor. • Municipal councils debate and pass laws at the local or city town hall. • The head of the council is called a mayoror reeve. • The size and structure of the council differs, depending on the population.

  13. How does government affect me? Which level of government is responsible for what?

  14. Some Government Responsibilities Municipal • Water and sewer service • Recreation • Libraries • Police and fire services Provincial • Education • Health care • Social welfare • Transportation and highways Federal • Immigration and citizenship • Defence • Currency • Fisheries and oceans

  15. Can I contact my elected representatives? YES! Elected representatives expect to hear from their constituents when they have issues to discuss, or if they need help accessing government services. In most cases your representative can be contacted by mail, email, phone, or by appointment at their local constituency office.

  16. FINAL THOUGHTS • What have you learned about government in Canada? • Is government important? Why or why not? • What issue in your community concerns you the most? Who can you contact?

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