GEORGE OWUSU ESSEGBEY (PHD) CHIEF RESEARCH SCIENTIST csir-tdtc csir-stepri

1. GEORGE OWUSU ESSEGBEY (PHD)CHIEF RESEARCH SCIENTISTwww.csir-tdtc.orgwww.csir-stepri.org THE ROLE OF STAKEHOLDERS IN THE POLICY CYCLE OF CLIMATE SMART AGRICULTURE (CSA)

2. The Outline What is Climate Smart Agriculture? The Policy Cycle Stakeholders Climate Change Policy Vision Case Study 1 – CC Agriculture Action Plan Case Study 2 - CSA Investment Study Stakeholders and Roles Key Issues Conclusion

3. Definition of CSA -1 • “CSA is an approach for developing agricultural strategies to secure sustainable food security under climate change.   • Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is an approach that helps to guide actions needed to transform and reorient agricultural systems to effectively support development and ensure food security in a changing climate. CSA aims to tackle 3 main objectives i) sustainably increasing agricultural productivity and incomes; ii) adapting and building resilience to climate change; and iii) reducing and/or removing greenhouse gas emissions, where possible.” (http://www.fao.org/climate-smart-agriculture/en/ )

4. Definition of CSA -2 • 3 key pillars • Productivity • Adaptation • Mitigation • Papuso & Faraby, 2013

5. CSA Practices - 3 The Pumpkin beside the is a creeping plant that serves as a CSA cover crop to protect the surface of the soil to enhance water conservation and microbial activities. The pot is a climate smart pot used to provide water to poultry within the local settings. CCAFS Science-Policy Platform, 2015

6. The Policy Cycle Policy is a product of series of activities that are inter-linked by the achievement of set specific goal(s) and objectives feeding into the next activity Stakeholders’ Participation

7. Climate Change Policy Vision and Focus Areas • National Climate Change Policy (NCCP) • The NCCP Vision “Ensure a climate-resilient and climate-compatible economy while achieving sustainable development through equitable low-carbon economic growth for Ghana.” • 5 broad Policy Areas: • Agriculture and food security – climate resilient agriculture and food systems • Disaster preparedness and response – climate resilient infrastructure • Natural Resource Management – carbon sinks and resilient ecosystems (terrestrial, marine and aquatic) • Equitable Social Development – Health, water and sanitation, gender and migration • Appropriate Energy and Infrastructure Development – minimize greenhouse gas emissions

8. The Case Study 1 – the CSA Policy Document of Ghana • The National Climate-Smart Agriculture and Food Security Action Plan • The National Climate Change Policy (NCCP) provides a broad framework for formulating specific strategies to address local climate change challenges. • The Action Plan translates to the ground level the broad national goals and objectives in climate-smart agriculture. • Lead institutions – the stars

9. Case Study 1: Methodology – CC Agriculture Action Plan • Review of the relevant existing policy documents for direction and inputs; • Field research on key policy issues • Consultation with key stakeholders – informant interviews • Stakeholder consultation workshops; Multi-level Stakeholder Analysis/ Multi-Integrated Adaptation Governance (MIAG) • Agro-ecological considerations: (i) Savanna agro-ecological zones (Coastal, Guinea and Sudan) (ii) Transition zone of the middle belt; (iii) Forest agro-ecological zone (Semi-deciduous and Evergreen (Rain) forest).

10. The Case Study 1: Ghana’s Action Plan for Agriculture • 8 broad action areas identified: • Institutional capacity Development for Research and Development; • Develop and promote climate resilient cropping systems; • Adaptation of Livestock production systems; • Support climate adaptation in Fisheries and Aquaculture; • Support to water conservation and irrigation systems; • Risk Transfer and Alternative Livelihood Systems; • Improved Postharvest Management and • Improved Marketing Systems,

11. The Key Stakeholders (National, Regional and Districts Levels) CCAFS Science-Policy Platform, 2015

12. Case Study 2 – CSA Investment Study • Based on the Action Plan – • To study 9 districts in different agro-ecologies to “co-generate empirical data with district level stakeholders to develop CSA investment framework” for adoption by districts in Ghana. • Consider economic, social and cultural barriers at the district level in attaining the proposed CSA investment frameworks. FAO, 2017 (Country Study led by Dr. Naaminong Karbo)

13. Case Study 2: CSA Practices in Production Component of the Value Chain FAO, 2017 (Country Study led by Dr. Naaminong Karbo)

14. Case Study 2: CSA Practices and Constraints FAO, 2017 (Country Study led by Dr. Naaminong Karbo)

15. Stakeholders and Roles – District Level The role of the scientists cuts across the policy cycle

16. The Key Issues • Capacity building in CSA practices • Enhancing the science base of CSA and scientists’ role in CSA practices • Strengthening policy implementation and ME&L • Popularisation of CSAs • Funding support – investment models are necessities • Commitment on part of stakeholders • Enhancing collaboration in the segments of the policy cycle

17. Conclusions • Climate Smart Agriculture can only successfully be promoted on the effective performance of roles by stakeholders especially the role of scientists. • Respective governance level (national, regional and district) determines the importance of given stakeholders. • Strengthen the policy cycle and the capacities for action in the segments of the cycle.

18. Thanks for your attention.