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Beaches & Dunes. Beach Flora. Vegetated dune, Kanaha, Maui. Naupaka shrub and 'aki'aki and pohuehue (with purple flowers) ground cover at center, 'aki'aki (sparse ground cover) in background. Close up of 'akulikuli. Photo from JOHNSTONE, 1997.
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Beach Flora Vegetated dune, Kanaha, Maui.Naupaka shrub and 'aki'aki and pohuehue (with purple flowers) ground cover at center, 'aki'aki (sparse ground cover) in background.
Close up of 'akulikuli. Photo from JOHNSTONE, 1997. Close up of 'aki'aki. Photo from JOHNSTONE, 1997. Close up of pohuehue, Honokahua, Maui Common name: beach morning glory
Origin of Dunes • An abundant supply of loose sand in a region devoid of vegetation • A wind energy source sufficient to move sand grains • A topography whereby sand particles lose their momentum and settle out
Composition of Beach sand in Hawaii: • Coral • Shells • Sponge spicules • Calcareous algae • Volcanic particles
Black Sand Beach Big Island
Green Sand Beach Big Island
Red Sand Beach Maui
0.01 mybp 1.6 mybp
Sea-Level Rise Wave/Current Action Coastal Erosion Sediment Deficiencies • Sand mining • Dune grading • Sand impounding (behind shoreline structures) • Water quality degradation • Harbor/navigational channel construction
Beach Restoration Lanikai
Reasons to Protect Hawaii's Beaches • Multi-billion dollar visitor economy • They are critical in flood and erosion prevention • They are a part of Hawaii's culture and heritage. • Beaches and dunes are important elements of our shoreline environment and are critical to the health of the coastal marine ecosystem.