Print

1. Print

2. Debate • Books have no relevance in today’s media • Pick a side and write a paragraph with 3 points and support. • Topic Sentence > Point 1 > support > Point 2 > Support > Point 3 > Support > Conclusion • Ex. Books still have relevance because they can be used to start fires. Books are made of paper and paper is easy to burn.

3. Books • The original mass media

4. What is a book? • Every medium has it’s own unique characteristics • What is it about a book that gives it value compared to the other media?

5. Characteristics of books • Linear • Words and sentences follow each other to build meaning

6. Characteristics of Books • Uniform • Every Book of the same title has the same content • This is thanks to the nature of the printing press • Before stories were handed down and could change by storyteller or handwritten copy

7. Characteristics of books • Permanent Records • Printed words are permanent • Allows us to understand points in time and word origins • However, while the world changes, books stay the same • So they aren’t very relevant to current events http://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=swag&year_start=1700&year_end=2008&corpus=0&smoothing=3

8. Characteristics of books • Portable and durable • Easy to transport • Also they are very durable due to their materials • Don’t require a power source

9. Characteristics of Books • Low entry barrier • While there is some major publishing conglomerates that control a lot of the content • There are also many options to circumvent the system • Desktop publishing • Smaller specialized publishing houses

10. Advantages • What are the advantages of books over other media? • What are the disadvantages?

11. Types of Books • Novels – Book length fictional works • Almanac – book-length collection of useful facts, calendars, and advice • Audio books – printed books narrated onto cd

12. Types of books • Fiction • Classics • Fantasy • Mystery • Romance • Thrillers • Sci-Fi • Western

13. Types of book and Genres • Non-Fiction • Art • Biography • Cooking • Entertainment • History • Reference • Sports

14. Types of Books • Children’s books • Textbooks • Young Adult • Graphic Novels • Audio • E-books

15. typography • Serif • Letters with little Curlycues on the end • Sans-Serif • Straight letters

16. History • Before books as we know them stories were passed down by word of mouth • After the invention paper, information was written in the form of scrolls • Eventually they took on the form we recognize today

17. Pre-books • Papyrus – Created by the Egyptians around 2400 B.C. • Made from plant reeds along the Nile river • Papyrus was rolled into scrolls • Parchment – Treated animal skin • Replaced Papyrus and was used by majority of Europeans up until the 13th century • Parchment was more durable than paper • Paper – Created in China around 105 A.D. • Paper was cheaper than parchment and would help to spread books to a wide audience

18. Manuscript Culture • The period in which books had to be hand written and hand bound • Priests and Monks wrote the worlds books by hand • They were known as scribes • Because of this, most books were religious or philosophical

19. Pre- Printing Press • Available to only the best educated elites • Written mostly in Latin • Government feared the spread of literacy • Books are rare and expensive

20. Printing Press • Earliest Printing Presses dated around 1051 in China • Around 1234 movable type appeared in Korea • Failed to evolve and be widely adopted due to the complexities of the Asian Language (40,000 characters in China)

21. Gutenberg Press • In 1450 Johannes Gutenberg invented his movable type Printing Press in Europe • First major book to be printed was the bible

22. Books • Part 2

23. Print in America • American Print like other countries began with religious texts • The Bay Psalm Book was the first printed in America in 1644 • Literacy was high in the colonies • Ben Franklin was one of the prominent printers in the new world • 1732 he printed his Poor Richard’s Almanack • Also printed Thomas Paine’s Common Sense • Political Pamphlet that supported Independence

24. Print in early America • Religious and Government works • Lack of diversity • Printing was done with permission of colonial governors • Criticism of the government was never allowed • Printers were jailed for printing criticism of the Government

25. Stamp Act • Stamp act was a tax to recoup money spent on the French and Indian War • All printing must have a government stamp • It allowed for greater control of the message and limited expression by the colonies • Printers openly revolted and printed books and pamphlets critical of the crown • Thomas Paine’s Common Sense was the most famous of these works

26. Post Revolution • Books still expensive for masses (weeks pay) • Newspapers grew quickly but books growth was slower • Compulsory education helped growth (by 1900) • Literacy rose and demand rose • In 1861 the US had the highest literacy rate in the world 58%, by 1900 it was at 90%

27. Rise of the book industry • In the mid-1800s publishers began to print paperback novels • Dime Novels and Pulp Fiction • Paperbacks transformed books into a true mass medium • Many youth took these Novels with them to WWII • When they returned, many attended college on the GI Bill • This caused a higher demand for textbooks

28. Publishing houses • Publishing houses are the organizations that supervise the overall production of books • Development of new books • Editing • Printing • Marketing

29. The Book Market today • 80% of US books are sold by 5 companies • Big Six five of Publishing • Simon & Schuster (CBS) • Hachette • HarperCollins (NewsCorp) • Random House/Penguin Group • MacMillan http://www.nytimes.com/best-sellers-books/overview.html

30. Market Breakdown • 30% textbooks • 25% Reference Titles • 45% Consumer Content • $40.32 Billion in 2008

31. Censorship • Books are a constant target for censorship • In schools and Libraries, these complaints usually are initiated by a parent objection • Should we be allowed to tell our schools and libraries what they should purchase?

32. Banned Books • Harry Potter • Captain Underpants • Hunger Games • Twilight • Huckleberry Finn • Of Mice and Men • Catcher in the Rye

33. Book Burnings

34. Books and the box office • $7.7 billion in worldwide box office • $7.7 billion in Book sales • $24 billion in sales

35. Facts about books • Americans buy 4 books per year on average • 47% of adults read literature • Literary readership has declined 30% over the past 20 years for young adults

36. Future of Books • E-books are on the rise • Amazon has become the leader in e-book distribution • Apple is moving into the market • E-books vs. real books Discuss

37. E-books • More Portable • Instant purchasing from home • Less entry barriers • Gives new life to out of print books • Greener? • Requires power • Do you own E-books? • Can you Share E-books?

38. E-books • Computer text is said to be harder to read • 60% slower • Libraries are beginning to offer e-books

39. Timeline

40. Most influential books • Read a selection for 5 minutes • After write 2-3 sentences about your thoughts and attitudes about the book after your five minute reading • 2 minutes to write then we’ll rotate tables

41. Books are not dependent on large audiences like other media • Allows books to be more diverse and risky • Not dependent on advertisers • Corporations have no say unlike other media

42. Aliteracy – someone has the ability to read but refuses to do so • 30% of 13 year olds read every day • 15-24 spend 7 to 10 minutes a day reading • 50% of 18-24 never RFP

43. 1 million new titles and editions are published in the US per year • 2008 Americans bought 3.1 billion new books with book industry revenues of 40.32 Billion

44. Trade books – books that are for mass consumers. These include fiction and non-fiction works • Professional Books – Reference and educational books for professionals in an industry (doctors, lawyers, marketers, scientists, etc.) • Textbooks – Books published specifically for education

45. Amazon and book stores

46. Questions for review