Tradition in Technology Higher Education in Slovakia (1762-2002)

1. Úvod do vysokoškolského štúdia 2010 Ondrej Kvasnica - Lucia Šimurdováa kolektív

2. Tradition in Technology Higher Education in Slovakia (1762 - 2002) Ing. Milan Petráš, PhD.

3. Vienna around 1750 • System changes of education • Initiators: Sonnenfeld, Justi • Coordinator: Swieten • Impulse: 16. 3. 1760F. Kollowrath – proposal • Acceptance: M. Teresia9. 4. 1760 • Study of mining focused on forestry

4. Prague impulses • 1761 Czech chamber in Prague • Professor of mining at University in Prague • 1762 Ján Tadeáš Peithner Theory study of mining in Prague • Decision 13.12.1762M. Teresia • In Banská Štiavnica – Applied school of mining • J. T. Peithner – Professor of mining science at University in Prague

5. Banská Štiavnica – Academy of mining Chronology I • 13. 12. 1762 – Decree • 1763 – The first department • 1. 9. 1764 – Beginning of teaching • 1765 – The second department (2-years long study) • 1770 – The third department (3-years long study), Academy • 1807 – One independent Institute of forestry • 1809 – Beginning of teaching

6. Banská Štiavnica – Academy of mining Chronology II • 1824 – Join – Academy of mining and forestry • 1846 – New organization statute • 1848 – Nationalization • Leaving of 133 German and Czech academicians, new academies (Příbram, Leoben) • 1867 - 69 – Teaching in Hungarian language • 1904 – University of mining and forestry • 1918 – The end of activity

7. University students • 1764 - 1770 – unknown till today • 1771 - 1918 – 10.570 students (we know the year of entrance) • From Austria-Hungary monarchy and European states • Categories (12):lektor, adjunkt, dočasný praktikant, dočasný asistent, asistent, docent, suplujúci profesor, zástupca suplujúceho profesora, dočasný profesor, profesor, učiteľ kreslenia, riaditeľ akadémie Teachers 317 (incomplete list)

8. Country of origin: Number: Slovakia 96 Hungary 86 Romania 38 Austria 15 Czech Republic 12 Germany 4 Ukraine 2 Yugoslavia 1 France 1 Netherlands 1 Slovenia 1 Italy 1 Unknown 59 Each third had come from the territory of Slovakia

9. The Slovak towns and villages where they were born (in brackets is count): Banská Belá, Banská Bystrica (3), BanskáBystrica - Radvaň, Banská Hodruša (2), Banská Štiavnica (13), Borčany, Bratislava (3), Brezno, Brezová pod Bradlom, Čadca, Čalovo, Drienčany, Drietoma, Fačkov, Gelnica (2), Háj, Hronec (2), Jelšava, Kátlovce, Kežmarok, Kluknava (2), Košice (3), Kráľová Lehota, Kráľovce - Krnišov, Kremnica (3), Krompachy (2), Levoča (6), Liptovský Mikuláš - Ondrašová, Magurka, Mošovce, Moštenica, Nitra, Nižné Raslavice, Olšovany, Palúdzka, Plešivec, Poprad - Veľká (2), Prešov, Prievidza, Pukanec, Rimavské Brezovo, Silická Jablonica, Skalica, Slovenská Ľupča, Slovinky, Smolnícka Huta (2), Smolník (5), Spišská Nová Ves, Šaštín - Stráže, Štiavnické Bane (2), Švedlár (2), Terany, Trenčín, Veselé, Vyhne, Zemianske Kostoľany, Zlatá Idka 98 teachers came from 58 towns and villages of Slovakia

10. Exceptionality or uniqueness • The oldest Academy of mining (1762) • The longest continuous teaching (155 years) • Migrations of professors • Professors connected with praxis • International character of students, Slavonic students – association • Social life • International response • The most modern chemical lab with Anton Ruprecht, interships: Volta, Savaresi, Lippi, Tondi, Melogrami etc.

11. Parisian polytechnics (Ecole centrale Travauls publics – 1795) found Academy in Banská Štiavnica like important example • Banská Štiavnica – a historical center of mining, metal upgrading, metallurgy, coinage (Kremnica) • European (indirect) amalgamation • Sklené Teplice 1786 • Born– Ruprecht– Heidinger • The scientists from Europe and Mexico

12. Opera The Magic Flute (Mozart 1791), Born and Jacquin - the first professor of Academy • The first international congress of science (method of amalgamation) • The first international society of science in the world (La Sociète de l‘art de l‘exploatation des mines), the members were also Lavoisier, Watt, Goethe • The first international magazine of science in the world (Bergbaukunde, 1789)

13. Senec I • 1763 – collegium in Senec • Collegium Scientiarum Politico-Oeconomico-Cameralium • Professors – piarists • Twenty and more alumenists • Teaching in German • Each third student could speak Slovak • Specialisation: chamber officials, economic-accounting and geodetic

14. Senec II • The first nonmining geodesists • 2-years or 3-years long study • They teach also technical subjects • 32 maps of students were kept • 1776 - building was destroyed by fire • Continuation in Tate and Rábe, 2-years long interruption • 1782 - Institutum geometricum in Budapest

15. Košice – The third school of technology • 1906 – Academy of economy • 1908 - 1917 - 134 graduates • Publication activity of professors • 1919 - transfer to the secondary school

16. The Czechoslovak Republic I • 1919 – Slovakia with no universities of technology • The end of activity – Banská Štiavnica, Košice • Efforts to renew B. Križko, G.Gavora • M. Ursíny's credits • Preparation of legislative steps • Struggle for Slovak technology

17. The Czechoslovak Republic II • J. Hronec • 1937 (Law No.170) The University of technology M.R. Štefánika in Košice • Martin • Law No. 188 from 25.7.1939 - Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava • New faculties • Segregation • Slovak University of Technology

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