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Botnets

Botnets A Multifaceted Approach to Understanding the Botnet Phenomenon (Rajab/Zarfoss/Monrose/Terzis) Ryan Hannan Rohit Bhat Alan Mui Irfan Siddiqui. Statistical Significance. What did they examine? 800,000 DNS domains examined 85,000 servers botnet-infected (11%)

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Botnets

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  1. Botnets A Multifaceted Approach to Understanding the Botnet Phenomenon(Rajab/Zarfoss/Monrose/Terzis) Ryan Hannan Rohit Bhat Alan Mui Irfan Siddiqui

  2. Statistical Significance • What did they examine? • 800,000 DNS domains examined • 85,000 servers botnet-infected (11%) • 65 IRC server domain names • Is above data statistically significant? • Over 97,000,000 domain names exist • 73,500,000 .com domains (1% probed)

  3. Statistical Significance • Ignored non-IRC based bots • 40% of bot traffic has been completely ignored • Only reviewed C&C (command and control) channels • Email, web, P2P, other methods were not examined

  4. What was the focus of the testing? • Type I bots (17% of total analysis) • Type I bots are “worm-like botnets that continuously scan…” • Type-II bots (83% of total analysis) • Type II bots are: “botnets with variable scanning behavior” and “only scan after receiving a command…”

  5. What was the focus of the testing? • Type-I bots (17% of total analysis) • Type I bots are “worm-like botnets that continuously scan…” • Type-II bots (83% of total analysis) • Type II bots are: “botnets with variable scanning behavior” and “only scan after receiving a command…” • Since most of the analysis was conducted on Type-II bots, how much traffic was missed while waiting for commands to be initiated?

  6. Study Duration • Study lasted 3 months • Is this enough time to get an accurate set of sample data? • Do we know this 3-month stretch was indicative of “normal” traffic? • Do we know if anything happened during this 3-month period that could account for exceptionally high or low amounts of traffic?

  7. Tracking Inaccuracies? Traffic changes frequently! Consistent inconsistency? *Data from 4.6.08

  8. Tracking Inaccuracies? What if the tracking was done April – June? How about Nov. – Jan.? Skewed Results? *Data from 4.6.08

  9. How do they know what they saw? • Don’t want to be found • Botmasters intentionally use stealth techniques to remain anonymous • Bots, like all technologies, are constantly changing and evolving with time…new evolutions could already exist that they were unaware of • Encryption is being used instead of passing commands as clear-text

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