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Bell Ringer:

Discover the intricate process of cartography and how maps reveal physical and cultural features of Earth. Learn about continents, seas, lakes, rivers, and diverse landforms such as mountains, valleys, plateaus, and more. Understand ecosystems like forests, savannas, deserts, tropical jungles, and tundra. Dive into cultural maps showcasing human settlements. Unravel the significance of map keys, scales, and orientation arrows in reading maps effectively. Delve into the realm of political maps delineating country boundaries, states, cities, and towns. Explore the role of latitude and longitude in map navigation and comprehend the significance of tropics. Explore how symbols on maps offer insights into the world's diverse features. Enrich your understanding of maps and their utility in understanding both physical and cultural aspects of different regions.

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Bell Ringer:

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  1. Bell Ringer: Answer the following in your note packet: What do maps show us?

  2. Maps & Geography

  3. The process of making a map is known as cartography. A cartographer is a person who makes maps.

  4. Maps show different physical and cultural features. By reading the symbols on a map, you will be able to locate different features.

  5. Physical Features: The different elevations, bodies of water, rivers, and land forms (mountains, valleys, plateaus etc.) of a given area.

  6. Continent: Massive areas of land on the Earth There are seven: North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, Antarctica

  7. Peninsula • A piece of land surrounded by water on 3 sides • Example: Florida & Italy

  8. Island • An area smaller than a continent completely surrounded by water • Archipelago: A group of islands

  9. Ocean: Large areas of salt water that cover the Earth There are 5: Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic, and Southern

  10. Seas • A large body of salt water partly or completely surrounded by land • Examples: The Mediterranean, The Caribbean, The Irish, The Sea of Japan

  11. Lakes • An inland body of water of considerable size. • Examples: The Great Lakes, Lake Powell

  12. Rivers: A large, natural flow of water that ends in an ocean or lake

  13. Waterfall • Area where flowing river water drops abruptly over a vertical wall

  14. Bell Ringer: • In your note packets: Explain the difference between physical and cultural maps.

  15. Mountain: An area of land that rises very high above the area around it (Rockies, Grand Tetons, Sierra Nevada) Teton Mountains Wyoming

  16. Cave A large underground chamber formed over thousands or millions of years Examples: Mammoth Cave, Carlsbad Caverns Mammoth Cave Kentucky

  17. Valley: An area of low land between hills or mountains

  18. Canyon A deep gorge with steep sides and a river or stream flowing through the bottom Examples: The Grand Canyon

  19. Plateau: A large, flat area of land that is higher than other areas of land around it

  20. Mesa: A hill that has a flat top and steep sides and is found in the southwestern U.S.

  21. Butte: An isolated hill with steep vertical sides and a flat top. Smaller than a mesa. Monument Valley is a cluster of buttes.

  22. Ecosystem Bioms

  23. Temperate Evergreen Forest Deciduous Forest Damp places Sufficient rainfall Clearly defined summer and winter • Numerous trees • Mosses and ferns • Dryer

  24. Grasslands Savanna Prairies Temperate No large shrubs or trees Tall and short grasses • Tropical Grassland • Seasonally dry • Few trees

  25. Desert • Annual rainfall less than 25 inches • 17% of the planet • High temperature, intense sunlight • Scarce vegetation • Ex: Mohave, Great Basin, Sonoran, Painted

  26. Tropics/Jungle Evergreen Deciduous Dense shrubs and bushes Large number of trees • 80+ inches of rain per year • Dense vegetation • Trees of multiple levels

  27. Tundra • Cold • At and above the Arctic Circle • Above the timberline • Bare ground • Mosses

  28. Cultural Features: Shows the different lifestyles or groups of people living in a given area.

  29. Political Maps show the boundaries of countries, states, counties, cities, and towns.

  30. How do you read a map??? The map key or legend shows what each symbol on the map represents. The scale shows the distance covered on the map.

  31. Orientation arrows show the direction the map is pointing The title tells you what the map is of. The neat line is the edge or border of the map.

  32. Longitude is the distance measured to the east and west of the Prime Meridian. Latitude is the distance north and south of the Equator up to 90°.

  33. Tropic of Capricorn: Approximately 23 ½ ° south of the Equator. Southernmost latitude reached by the overhead sun. Tropic of Cancer: Approximately 23 ½ ° north of the Equator. Northernmost latitude reached by the overhead sun.

  34. Question: How can you use these symbols to learn about the physical and cultural features of an area?

  35. These symbols show the location of different countries, cultures, and landforms of any given area from around the world.

  36. Bell Ringer • Answer the following in your notes: What does a political map do?

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