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Toward standardization of an automated software quality model: the Grid-QCM

Towards standardization of an automated software quality model, the Grid-QCM developed by Adriano Rippa at Engineering Ingegneria Informatica S.p.A. presented at the ETICS Final Review at CERN in Geneva on February 15, 2008. The study covers QA concepts, the Grid Quality Certification Model, QA terminology, quality standards, and QA in short-lived projects and grids. The Grid-QCM aims to streamline quality assurance processes, reduce investments, and enable easy adoption within short-lived projects. It provides a structured approach using Evaluation Modules and aligns with ISO standards for quality attributes. The model also allows for automation, metric definition, and efficient quality evaluation, supporting the ETICS vision and grid infrastructure.

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Toward standardization of an automated software quality model: the Grid-QCM

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  1. Toward standardization of an automated software quality model: the Grid-QCM Adriano Rippa Engineering Ingegneria Informatica S.p.A. ETICS Final Review CERN, Geneva - 15 February 2008

  2. Summary • Introduction to QA concepts • The starting point of the study • The Grid Quality Certification Model (Grid-QCM) • Possible Questions, Timeline and feedback • Conclusions ETICS Final Review - Grid-QCM - CERN, 15 February 2008

  3. Quality Assurance refers to several concepts • Quality of the implementation process • High level steps of the software production cycle suggesting what the organization must do (not how) to have effective development processes that “may lead” to good software. • Quality of the requirements management • Correct collection/management of requirements and relation with the customer and stakeholders, to reduce the percentage of failures due to misinterpreted requirements. • Quality of the service • Performances of the service • Finally quality of the software… QUALITY Quality of Product Quality of Process CMM Grid-QCM ITIL ISO – 900x ETICS Final Review - Grid-QCM - CERN, 15 February 2008

  4. Some QA Terminology • According to ISO 9126 documentation we can define: • Measure: the number or category assigned to an attribute of an entity by making a measurement (sometimes used as synonymous of metric) • Metric: The defined method to measure an attribute and the scale • Measurement: The use of a metric to assign a value (which may be a number or category) from a scale to an attribute of an entity) ETICS Final Review - Grid-QCM - CERN, 15 February 2008

  5. Quality is a matter of measure! • State-of-the-art provide hundreds of metrics • The most common • Cyclomatic complexity • Lines of Code • Function Points • Mean Time Between (To) Failure • Bugs density • … • Other approaches (Goal Question Metric - GQM) promote user defined metrics • Anomalies distribution • Effort used to solve anomalies • Cost of not founded anomalies • … • An exhaustive list is provided within deliverable D5.7 ETICS Final Review - Grid-QCM - CERN, 15 February 2008

  6. Quality Standards • There are many standards to asses the quality of the processes of an organization • CMM • ISO family (e.g. ISO 9126, ISO 900X) • ITIL • AQAP • But QA means initial investments and managing QA means devote resources to it! • Several studies show that lot of companies (e.g. many SMEs) can’t afford the initial effort and don’t recognise the promised increase of value. • Only ~70 companies in the world are certified at level 5 • 50 of them are in India • source: Gartner • Just 25% of the companies in the world are level 2 or above • source: Kulik, Weber: “Software Metrics Best Practices – 2001”and “Software Metrics State of the Art – 2000” ETICS Final Review - Grid-QCM - CERN, 15 February 2008

  7. QA in non commercial short-lived project (e.g. research projects) is missing! • Current quality assurance standards are useful but • They need lot of time to be applied. The organisation need to be structured and certified. What for the short-lived consortia? • They provide only theoretical guidelines which need to be adapted and implemented. What for homogeneity and comparability of results? • It’s hard to systematically verify goodness of results: managing tools needed • They need resources to be devoted to • People need training and certification needs inspections and time to be achieved ETICS Final Review - Grid-QCM - CERN, 15 February 2008

  8. QA in grids: oursolution • Grid-QCM is amodelforquality assurance that is • fully automatable in measuring and verifying activities to reduce investments and management effort, • not subjective, to certify the object not the process nor the organization, • product oriented, not process oriented, • …easily adoptable within (Grid) short-lived Projects ETICS Final Review - Grid-QCM - CERN, 15 February 2008

  9. Grid-QCM: Preliminary Remarks (1/2) • Using the ETICS tool people can have Grid-QCM implemented by default in the b&t application. • Grid-QCM has been developed within a Grid project and to asses the quality of grid software research projects but it can be used for any software applications . • Grid-QCM has been developed according to • The feedback received from expert people and potential users • several standards: • Grid-QCM has been described according to ISO standards (e.g. ISO/IEC 25000, 14598) • Grid-QCM has been restructured according to ISO 25041 • Quality attributes has been named using the same terminology as ISO 9126 ETICS Final Review - Grid-QCM - CERN, 15 February 2008

  10. Allows Test Allows automation Defines metrics Runs measures The ETICS vision Grid-QCM ETICS SW (v.2.0) ETICS grid infrastructure CERN, INFN, UoW (NMI) ETICS Final Review - Grid-QCM - CERN, 15 February 2008

  11. Grid-QCM: Structure • Grid-QCM is structured in Evaluation Modules (EM). • The set of evaluation techniques are grouped in families. Every family is an Evaluation Module • 5 Evaluation Modules: • Static analysis • Coding style • Structural testing • Functional testing • Standards compliance ETICS Final Review - Grid-QCM - CERN, 15 February 2008

  12. Evaluation Modules 1/2 • Static analysis • Quality characteristics: • Reliability – maturity • Maintainability – analysability • Maintainability – changeability • Maintainability – testability • Static analysis of classes. Statistics on measures are used as predictor of quality characteristics. • Coding style • Quality characteristics: • Maintainability – analysability • Static analysis of the source code. ETICS Final Review - Grid-QCM - CERN, 15 February 2008

  13. Evaluation Modules 2/2 • Structural testing • Quality characteristics: • Functionality – accuracy • Reliability – maturity • Structural testing to classes identified more likely to have many errors. • Functional testing • Quality characteristics: • Functionality – accuracy • Functionality – interoperability • Reliability – maturity • Portability – adaptability • Portability - installability • Platform compliance and to functional abilities of the software • Standards compliance • Quality characteristics: • Functionality – standards compliance ETICS Final Review - Grid-QCM - CERN, 15 February 2008

  14. Grid-QCM: Final Score • Final score should be provided according to the following schema. The items which should be available for the users are: • A table summarizing the results • A list of passed and failed tests • All the important information as: • Software product (e.g. name, version, executable code, documentation..) • Platform (name, version, date) • Quality characteristics (name, evaluation result, evaluation module identification) • Standard compliance (for each standard: name, version, date) • Identification of evaluation report (organization, report number, date) • Identification of certification body (organization, contact information) • Certification data (dates, certification number) • Electronic signature of certification record ETICS Final Review - Grid-QCM - CERN, 15 February 2008

  15. Possible Criticism, Our Answer • I can’t add any overhead to my project • This model (and the capability of automate) reduce the effort in performing continuous build and test activities (e.g. coverage tests) on different SW releases. • What about the cost? • Using the ETICS tool people can have the model integrated in the b&t application • My organisation is certified ISO/CMMI so I… • The model is a standalone quality certification model. • However it can be easily integrated in yet ISO/CMMI certified organisations. ETICS Final Review - Grid-QCM - CERN, 15 February 2008

  16. Current ETICS metrics and Grid-QCM ETICS Final Review - Grid-QCM - CERN, 15 February 2008

  17. The timeline EGEE ’07 1-5 Oct Budapest (Hun) OGF 21 15-19 Oct Seattle (USA) ESA 3rd GRID & e-Collaboration Workshop 16-17 Jan 2008 Frascati (IT) OGF 20/EGEE UF 7-11 May Manchester (UK) Now EELA 3° Conference 3-5 Dec 2007 Catania (IT) OCTOBER DECEMBER FEBRUARY MAY QUALIPSO Conference 16-17 Jan 2008 Rome (IT) ECHOGRID/EUChinagrid Conference 24-25 April Beijing (CHINA) Belief Conference 25-28 June Rio de Janeiro (BRA) ETICS Final Review - Grid-QCM - CERN, 15 February 2008

  18. Grid-QCM: feedback • OGF 20 • Possibility to automate • Unclear formal name of the model • Criticism: GQACM was difficult to remember • Solution: New name: Grid-QCM • Belief/EELA Conference • Automation, CMMI/ISO compatibility • Structure of some parts of the model • Criticism: Metrics not well split according to their role • Solution: Organisation in Evaluation Models • EGEE’07 • Automation, integration of Grid-QCM in the b&t tool, people asked for specific information • Metrics for the process • Criticism: Lack of process metrics • Solution: it’s out of the scope ETICS Final Review - Grid-QCM - CERN, 15 February 2008

  19. Grid-QCM: feedback • OGF 21 • Automation, CMMI/ISO compatibility, people asked for specific information • ISO9000 compatibility • Criticism: no mention about ISO9000 compatibility • Solution: it’s out of the scope • QualiPSo Conference • Automation, Used Standards, Default integration of Grid-QCM in the b&t tool Many people interested in specific information ETICS Final Review - Grid-QCM - CERN, 15 February 2008

  20. Conclusions • Grid-QCM is a certification model • Automatable • Implemented by default in the ETICS tool • Not in contradiction with classical standards • Ready to interact with classical standards • Not limited to research projects • Not limited to grid software • Grid-QCM require less human effort to be used because it is almost fully automatable • ETICS tool is ready to implement Grid-QCM • During the ETICS 2 project, if approved, • Grid-QCM will be validated on-the-field with at least four projects • Grid-QCM will be proposed for standardisation under ISO. ETICS Final Review - Grid-QCM - CERN, 15 February 2008

  21. Q&A http://www.eu-etics.org ETICS Final Review - Grid-QCM - CERN, 15 February 2008

  22. Grid-QCM: Summarizing Table example E = Excellent G = Good M = Medium F = Fair P = Poor ETICS Final Review - Grid-QCM - CERN, 15 February 2008

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