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Hierarchy in Grief: Assessing the Impact of Death and Circumstances on Individuals

This article by Julia Samuel explores the concept of hierarchy in grief and examines the various factors that can affect the grieving process. It discusses the impact of specific deaths on individuals, considering their relationships with the person who died, their personal backgrounds, and the environment they are living in. The article also addresses the assessment of risk and the importance of secure attachment and support in coping with bereavement. Additionally, it explores the concepts of risk and resilience, the paradox of grief, and different coping strategies. The article emphasizes the continuing bond between the bereaved and the deceased and discusses post-traumatic growth.

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Hierarchy in Grief: Assessing the Impact of Death and Circumstances on Individuals

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  1. Is there a hierarchy in grief? • Julia Samuel

  2. Circumstances ofdeath/dying Relationship with person whodied FACTORSAFFECTING THE GRIEVING PROCESS Theindividual, personality, background ‘Recovery’ environment BY JULIASAMUEL

  3. IS THERE A HIERARCHY INGRIEF? Assessment of risk: • What is the impact of: • this particular death • for this particular individual • at this particular time • living in this particular community • in these particular circumstances BY JULIASAMUEL

  4. Cheryl

  5. Secure and insecure attachment • Secure people whose experience of life has led to a reasonable trust in themselves and others will cope well with anticipated bereavements, provided they are well supported. However, multiple, unexpected and untimely losses …. Can overwhelm the most secure person • Lack of security and support can undermine the capacity to cope with all types of bereavement • Parkes 1990 BY JULIASAMUEL

  6. Mussie

  7. Risk and resilience • Adult vulnerability to emotional difficulties may be the current end point of many experiences of problems, somea matter of bad luck, some a question of self regard, and others a problem of poor socialsupport. • Wadsworth(1991) BY JULIASAMUEL

  8. HOPE

  9. Trickey D. 2001

  10. The paradox of grief

  11. Dual process LOSS Managing emotions Emotion-focusedcoping Exploring/Expressing rangeof emotionalresponses Focussing on and processing the loss of the person who hasdied and the relationship withthat person Preoccupation with thegrief FEEL /REACT RESTORATION Managing life changes Problem-focusedcoping Diversion from emotional impact Attending to ongoing demandsof life, coping with secondary losses, fulfilling practicalneeds. Re-engagement with aworld transformed by theloss FIX /ACT OSCILLATION Stroebe &Schute

  12. Continuing bonds • There is a continuing bond and an ongoing relationship between the bereaved and the person who has died, a bond that is not broken by the fact of death • Klass, Silverman & Nickman (1996) BY JULIASAMUEL

  13. Pillars of strength Relationship with the person who hasdied Relationship withoneself Ways to expressgrief Time Mind andBody Limits Structure Focusing griefworks.co.uk

  14. Post traumatic growth • Post-traumatic growth involves the rebuilding of the shattered assumptive world. After experiencing a traumatic event, people often report three ways in which their psychological functioning increases: • Relationships are enhanced in some way • People change their views of themselves • People describe changes in their life philosophy • Joseph, S. (2012). What doesn’t kill us: The new psychology of posttraumatic growth

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