Responding to the Depression

1. The Homework…and other things. Responding to the Depression

2. Laissez Faire and the 1929 Crash • U.S. president Herbert Hoover maintained the principle of Laissez Faire. • Government should not interfere with business. • As the situation worsened, people blamed the government for not reacting.

6. Roosevelt, with his promise of a “New Deal” defeats Hoover in 1933. He will stay in office until 1945.

7. Mackenzie King 1930 -States that he will not give provinces with a Tory Government “a five-cent piece." Lost 1930 Election to R.B. Bennet.

8. Enter “Bonfire” Bennett • He put $ 20 Million dollars towards emergency relief • He raised the tariffs on imports to 50% in order to protect Canada’s industries from foreign competition and end the trade deficit.

9. Canada’s Reaction • R.B. Bennett’s plans made the depression worse as his protectionism cut off Canadian exports. • Many Canadians could not afford to put gasoline in their cars. Instead, their cars were pulled by horses! • Canadians called these cars “Bennett Buggies” The “Bennett Buggy”

10. 1. By 1932, Canadians realized that Bennett’s Conservatives knew how to solve the Depression. False: Fix # one: By 1930, Canadians realized that King’s Liberals did not know how to end the Depression.

11. 1. By 1932, Canadians realized that Bennett’s Conservatives knew how to solve the Depression. False: Fix # two: By 1935, Canadians realized that Bennett’s Conservatives did not know how to end the Depression.

12. The Bennett Buggy A Bennett Blanket

13. The Prairie's Dust Bowl

15. 2. To young men during the Depression, work camps were considered a great alternative to being sent home or jail. False: To young men during the Depression, work camps were considered one of the only alternatives to being sent home or jail.

17. 3. In 1935, over a thousand workers joined the On-to-Ottawa Trek to protest against work camp conditions. True

18. The Regina Riot

19. 4. Socialism became less popular during the Depression. False: Socialism became more popular during the Depression as it appealed to those who had lost their jobs and not received help from the government. (1931 – Communist Party banned in Canada)

20. 5. J.S. Woodsworth’s leadership led to the formation of the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation. True. (Remember him? Woodworth was one of the leaders during the Winnipeg General Strike.)

21. 6. The C.C.F. promoted public ownership in industry and supported social programs. True “The Regina Manifesto”

22. 7. R.B. Bennett publicized the theory of Social Credit. False: William Aberhart publicized the theory of Social Credit. Aberhart was nicknamed Bible Bill “Back to the Bible Hour” (his radio show)

24. 8. The idea of a “New Deal” originated in Britain and it inspired social programs of then B.C. Premier, Dufferin Patullo. False: The idea of a “New Deal” originated in the United States and it inspired social programs of then B.C. Premier, Dufferin Patullo. Patullo, B.C. Premier, introduced the “Little New Deal” -increased minimum wage -relief payments up by 20% -make work projects to stimulate the economy

25. The Pattullo Bridge (1937)

26. Vancouver City Hall (1936)

27. 9. In 1935, Mackenzie King was re-elected after the ineffectual stint of R.B. Bennett’s Conservatives. True

28. The Return of King Running under the slogan “King or Chaos”, King won the election. Bennett ended his final days in Great Britain and remains the only Canadian prime minister to be buried outside of Canada. He’s Back Again

29. 10. The concept of equalization payments amongst the provinces helped ease the tension between Federal and Provincial governments. False: The concept of equalization payments amongst the provinces greatly increased the tension between Federal and Provincial governments. * These were never actually adopted until later, 1957 in fact.

30. 11. In 1934, the Dionne quintuplets were a welcome distraction from the grim realities of the Depression. True