How To Get The Most from your 24 Calendar Month Flight Review

1. How To Get The Most from your 24 Calendar Month Flight Review Prof. H. Paul Shuch, Ph.D., CFII LSRM-A/GL/WSC/PPC, iRMT Heavy Chief Flight Instructor, Director of Maintenance AvSport of Lock Haven FAA Safety Team Lead Representative Piper Memorial Airport, Lock Haven PA

2. A FAASTeam WINGS Award Seminar

3. Brought to you by: • Sentimental Journey to Cub Haven • Piper Memorial Airport • AvSport of Lock Haven • Your FAA Safety Team

4. RATIONALE: Every pilot needs to renew his or her currency each 24 calendar months, through a process the FAA calls a Flight Review. In this seminar, we will review the FAA’s recently revised flight review Advisory Circular, discuss alternative methods of compliance, and help you and your CFI to make this a pleasant and productive experience for you both.

5. Understand the need for establishing currency Know when you’re due for your next Flight Review Choose among several compliance methods Coordinate with your CFI to select appropriate tasks Prepare for your chosen ground and flight activities Maintain your FAA currency for the next two years OBJECTIVES:Upon successful completion of this seminar, you will:

6. FIRST,A LITTLE HISTORY

8. In the 1970s, FAA proposed annual flight reviews Alphabet organizations protested loudly FAA compromised at every two years (“biennially”) “since the beginning of the 24th calendar month before the month in which that pilot acts as pilot in command” WINGS program created for in-between years Original BFR Rule

9. Quiz Time!

10. Biennially Every other year Once each 24 months Once every two years Within the previous 24 calendar months How often does the FAA say pilots must complete a Flight Review?

11. Biennially Every other year Once each 24 months Once every two years Within the previous 24 calendar months How often does the FAA say pilots must complete a Flight Review?

13. THE FLIGHT REVIEWHAS EVOLVED

14. “since the beginning of the 24th calendar month before the month in which that pilot acts as pilot in command” Was changed to simply “within the preceeding 24 calendar months” Simplified BFR Rule

15. No ground instruction specified No specific hours of flight instruction No flight maneuvers specified Not a flight test; not pass/fail Instructor’s Discretion The original BFR rule:

16. Barstool Biennial

17. 14 CFR §61.56 One hour minimum of ground instruction, to include: Review of 14 CFR §91 operating rules One hour minimum of flight instruction, to include: Flight maneuvers at instructor’s discretion Still no specific flight maneuvers specified Still not a flight test; not pass/fail The amended BFR rule:

18. Changes in FARs Airspace Temporary Flight Restrictions Loss of Control VFR into IMC Suggested areas of emphasis (AC 61-98C)

19. Another Question!

20. One hour each of flight and ground instruction Review of 14 CFR §91 operating rules Maneuvers at instructor’s discretion Logbook endorsement All of the above A flight review must include

21. One hour each of flight and ground instruction Review of 14 CFR §91 operating rules Maneuvers at instructor’s discretion Logbook endorsement All of the above A flight review must include

22. IN WHAT KINDOF AIRCRAFT?

23. Single Seat Aircraft Originally OK

24. One hour minimum flight instruction required Flight Instruction requires aircraft with full dual controls, per 49 CFR§91.109: (a) No person may operate a civil aircraft (except a manned free balloon) that is being used for flight instruction unless that aircraft has fully functioning dual controls. Single seat BFR no longer allowed!

25. Airplane, glider, rotorcraft, lighter than air? Land or sea? Single vs. Multi-engine? VFR or IFR? Tailwheel vs. tricycle gear? Category and Class?

26. 14 CFR §61.56(b) Glider pilots may substitute a minimum of three instructional flights in a glider, each of which includes a flight to traffic pattern altitude, in lieu of the 1 hour of flight training required in paragraph (a) of this section. Special rule for Gliders

27. 14 CFR §61.56(c)(1): “Accomplished a flight review given in an aircraft for which that pilot is rated by an authorized instructor…” So, how about IPC, complex, high-altitude, tailwheel, or other CFI endorsements? They do notautomatically satisfy the requirements of a flight review, but they can occur at the same time — provided there is an agreement made with the inspector, examiner, or instructor prior to the flight. But CFI add-ons may not count, because:

28. No, if: You are flying in an aircraft that does not require one; e.g. Glider Balloon LSA or: CFI is qualified and willing to serve as PIC Must you have a current medical?

29. Doh!

30. The most advanced aircraft you fly Any aircraft in which you are rated The aircraft you fly most frequently The same category you generally fly The highest class you normally fly A flight review must be flown in

31. The most advanced aircraft you fly Any aircraft in which you are rated The aircraft you fly most frequently The same category you generally fly The highest class you normally fly A flight review must be flown in

32. OTHER WAYS TOSATISFY THE BFR

33. A person who has, within the period specified in paragraph (c) of this section, passed a pilot proficiency check conducted by an examiner, an approved pilot check airman, or a U.S. Armed Force, for a pilot certificate, rating, or operating privilege need not accomplish the flight review required by this section. 14 CFR §61.56(d):

34. A person who has, within the period specified in paragraph (c) of this section, satisfactorily accomplished one or more phases of an FAA-sponsored pilot proficiency award program need not accomplish the flight review required by this section. 14 CFR §61.56(e):

35. A person who holds a flight instructor certificate and who has, within the period specified in paragraph (c) of this section, satisfactorily completed a renewal of a flight instructor certificate under the provisions in §61.197 need not accomplish the one hour of ground training specified in paragraph (a) of this section. 14 CFR §61.56(f):

36. A student pilot need not accomplish the flight review required by this section provided the student pilot is undergoing training for a certificate and has a current solo flight endorsement as required under §61.87 of this part. 14 CFR §61.56(g):

37. The requirements of this section may be accomplished in combination with the requirements of §61.57 and other applicable recent experience requirements at the discretion of the authorized instructor conducting the flight review. 14 CFR §61.56(h):

38. General experience. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section, no person may act as a pilot in command of an aircraft carrying passengers or of an aircraft certificated for more than one pilot flight crewmember unless that person has made at least three takeoffs and three landings within the preceding 90 days, and— (i) The person acted as the sole manipulator of the flight controls; and (ii) The required takeoffs and landings were performed in an aircraft of the same category, class, and type (if a type rating is required), and, if the aircraft to be flown is an airplane with a tailwheel, the takeoffs and landings must have been made to a full stop in an airplane with a tailwheel. 14 CFR §61.57:

39. I know this one!

40. Obtaining a new pilot certificate or rating Category/Class add-on under Sport Pilot rules Completion of a WINGS phase Flying as a solo-endorsed student pilot Completing a Part 121 or 135 proficiency check Which does not automatically satisfy a flight review?

41. Obtaining a new pilot certificate or rating Category/Class add-on under Sport Pilot rules Completion of a WINGS phase Flying as a solo-endorsed student pilot Completing a Part 121 or 135 proficiency check Which does not automatically satisfy a flight review?

42. HOW ABOUT SIMULATORS?

43. 14 CFR §61.56(i): A flight simulator or flight training device may be used to meet the flight review requirements of this section subject to the following conditions: (1) The flight simulator or flight training device must be used in accordance with an approved course conducted by a training center certificated under part 142 of this chapter. (2) Unless the flight review is undertaken in a flight simulator that is approved for landings, the applicant must meet the takeoff and landing requirements of §61.57(a) or §61.57(b) of this part. (3) The flight simulator or flight training device used must represent an aircraft or set of aircraft for which the pilot is rated.

44. Think about what pilot skills you haven’t practiced or reviewed lately. Think especially about tasks you wouldn’t be comfortable performing without an instructor aboard. Discuss these with your CFI beforehand. What Should the Pilot Do to Prepare?

45. 14 CFR §61.56(c)(2): A logbook endorsed from an authorized instructor who gave the review certifying that the person has satisfactorily completed the review. What Must the Instructor Do?

46. Final Question!

47. Preflight briefing Review of pilot’s logbook Discussion of type of flying normally done Post-flight debrief All of the above A properly designed flight review should include:

48. Preflight briefing Review of pilot’s logbook Discussion of type of flying normally done Post-flight debrief All of the above A properly designed flight review should include:

49. FAA Advisory Circular 61-98C

50. (37 pages!)